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1 .10+/-0.05 versus -0.04+/-0.05; P<0.05); (2) subepicardial (0.16+/-0.15 versus 0.09+/-0.08; P<0.05) a
2 and subendocardial 20.2%, midwall 33.4%, and subepicardial 20.3%.
3                                              Subepicardial (201)Tl uptake was significantly lower com
4 e most likely related to the same structural subepicardial abnormalities, but the mechanism is differ
5  epicardial attachment to the myocardium and subepicardial accumulation of epicardial-derived cells.
6 ventricular (RV) conduction delay and (2) RV subepicardial action potential shortening.
7 al portion (subendocardial, mid-portion, and subepicardial activity: 90 +/- 3, 96 +/- 2 and *80 +/- 5
8 local amplitude dependent upon the immediate subepicardial activity; the combination of these effects
9 to mesenchymal transformation and invade the subepicardial and cardiac matrix.
10 difference in I(pNa) current density between subepicardial and subendocardial cells.
11    I(Ca) was recorded in acutely dissociated subepicardial and subendocardial murine left ventricular
12 ank tests were used for paired comparison of subepicardial and subendocardial MVD and SI within group
13 ively regulate venous differentiation of the subepicardial APJ-negative ECs in the heart.
14 t frequent location of LGE in all groups was subepicardial at the basal inferolateral wall, although
15 ach facilitated the precise visualization of subepicardial autonomic nerves in the ventricles using w
16                                  LGE located subepicardial basal inferolateral was detectable in 22%
17                                              Subepicardial biopsies from patients with normal left ve
18 ted with ECG and vectorcardiogram (VCG), and subepicardial biopsies were taken at 5 to 120 minutes an
19  GRK activity was measured in arrhythmogenic subepicardial border zone (EBZ) tissue overlying the inf
20 terns tended to be dense and linear, usually subepicardial but also midmyocardial and transmural with
21 5 and E10.5 by precocious differentiation of subepicardial cardiac myocytes.
22 shed in Hey2(+/-) mice because of changes in subepicardial cardiomyocytes.
23 nd iVF may form part of a spectrum of subtle subepicardial cardiomyopathy.
24 tion of FGFR-1 and VEGFR-2 in epicardial and subepicardial cells adjacent to FGF virus-infected myoca
25 s transient outward current (I(to)) than did subepicardial cells.
26                       PET subendocardial and subepicardial CFR were in good agreement with the micros
27 ocardial longitudinal shortening at base and subepicardial circumferential shortening at apex continu
28 nd prevalence of resident macrophages in the subepicardial compartment of the developing heart coinci
29                                          Pig subepicardial coronary arterioles (50 to 100 microm in d
30 letion results in defective formation of the subepicardial coronary veins, but had no significant eff
31 subendocardial CVR (1.43+/-3) was lower than subepicardial CVR (1.78+/-35; P=0.01).
32 h a left ventricular pressure catheter and 2 subepicardial cylindrical ultrasonic dimension transduce
33 inium enhancement was present in a primarily subepicardial distribution in 40% of patients with DSP (
34                                              Subepicardial endothelium-dependent microvascular relaxa
35  cardiac injury response by conditioning the subepicardial environment, potentially offering a new th
36 endo), basal midmyocardial (mid), and apical subepicardial (epi) regions of the left ventricular free
37 al cells labeled in ovo with DiI invaded the subepicardial extracellular matrix, demonstrating that m
38                                         Only subepicardial GLS (-20.0% +/- 3.3 vs -17.5% +/- 3.3; P <
39 rating characteristic curve [AUC], 0.82) and subepicardial GLS (AUC, 0.77) had the highest diagnostic
40 cute myocarditis, with midmyocardial GCS and subepicardial GLS providing the highest diagnostic perfo
41 ine ligand binding revealed a subendocardial/subepicardial gradient in normal dogs.
42 ing and a loss in the natural subendocardial/subepicardial gradient, which roughly correlated inverse
43 essels along the atrioventricular groove and subepicardial hemorrhage.
44  of the hearts, transmural in 23.3%, midwall-subepicardial in 23.3%, and midwall-subendocardial in 20
45 is in POH-DCM was severe, subendocardial and subepicardial, in contrast with subendocardial fibrosis
46 was performed in normal rabbit hearts during subepicardial injections (50 muL) of norepinephrine (NE)
47 ions can be explained by the contribution of subepicardial IVEs to optical signals.
48 iants are associated with high prevalence of subepicardial late gadolinium enhancement and left ventr
49 ients with suitable images, LGE involved the subepicardial layer inferior and lateral wall in 154 pat
50 for distal sympathetic axon extension in the subepicardial layer of the dorsal ventricular wall of th
51 RBP-null cardiac myocytes, especially in the subepicardial layer, display increased cell proliferatio
52 l and midmyocardial layers compared with the subepicardial layer.
53  with massive hyperinnervation of the intact subepicardial layers and heterogeneous distribution of n
54  natural gradient between subendocardial and subepicardial layers in LVH.
55 sessed at subendocardial, midmyocardial, and subepicardial layers.
56 t infarct age influences EGM duration in the subepicardial left ventricle (LV).
57                                              Subepicardial left ventricular biopsies (10x1x1 mm(3)) w
58 l and posterolateral apical right ventricle, subepicardial left ventricular fibrofatty replacements (
59 t, formed a chimeric epicardium, invaded the subepicardial matrix and myocardial wall, and became cor
60 recursors from the proepicardium through the subepicardial matrix where the coronary arteries develop
61 most severe AS (n=15), the subendocardial to subepicardial MBF ratio decreased from 1.14+/-7 at rest
62 cific analysis to compare subendocardial and subepicardial mechanics.
63  early proepicardium, the epicardium and the subepicardial mesenchymal cells (SEMC).
64 r and hypercellular epicardium with abundant subepicardial mesenchyme and a thin compact zone myocard
65 ion of the embryonic epicardium produces the subepicardial mesenchyme that is essential for normal co
66 ex communication between the epicardium, the subepicardial mesenchyme, and the myocardium mediated in
67 emonstrate differences in subendocardial and subepicardial microcirculation and to investigate the re
68 bserved significant transmural APD gradient: subepicardial, midmyocardial, and subendocardial APD80 w
69                                              Subepicardial, midmyocardial, and subendocardial myocyte
70                     A stria LGE pattern with subepicardial/midmyocardial distribution, mostly involvi
71 with ventricular arrhythmias and isolated LV subepicardial/midmyocardial late gadolinium enhancement
72                               Because of its subepicardial/midmyocardial location, LV scar is often n
73 d accuracy of quantifying subendocardial and subepicardial myocardial blood flow (MBF) and the relati
74 correlating activation maps of the surviving subepicardial myocardial layer with immunolocalization o
75  Twenty-seven dogs underwent placement of LV subepicardial myocardial markers to measure regional LV
76  myocardium (9.8 +/- 4.6%) and rarely in the subepicardial myocardium (0.32 +/- 0.45%).
77 1 and Scn5a expression remained lower in the subepicardial myocardium of the RVOT than in RV myocardi
78                                          The subepicardial myocardium was flash-frozen to build a rep
79 fractionated electrograms in the ventricular subepicardial myocardium, which can be treated with abla
80 d iVF, particularly within right ventricular subepicardial myocardium.
81  subendocardial myocytes but is prolonged in subepicardial myocytes (control: endo, 126+/-7 ms; epi,
82 eferential conduction from subendocardial to subepicardial myocytes is lost, and failing myocytes man
83        AP propagation from subendocardial to subepicardial myocytes required less Gc compared with co
84 ural gradient, with faster repolarization in subepicardial myocytes than in subendocardial myocytes.
85    I(Ca) density was significantly larger in subepicardial myocytes than in subendocardial/myocytes.
86 ter in subendocardial myocytes compared with subepicardial myocytes, indicating stress-induced amplif
87 ger in subendocardial myocytes compared with subepicardial myocytes.
88 0.05) smaller I(pNa) than subendocardial and subepicardial myocytes.
89  artery bypass graft surgery was obtained by subepicardial needle biopsy.
90 m enhancement was present in seven (78%; all subepicardial) patients.
91 emia was defined as hyperemic subendocardial:subepicardial perfusion ratio <1.0.
92 bal myocardial blood flow and subendocardial:subepicardial perfusion ratio were quantified using 3-Te
93              Basal subendocardial and apical subepicardial regions deform through a characteristic ph
94 esent in the myocardium, particularly in the subepicardial regions of the right ventricular anterolat
95 ort-lived apex-to-base and subendocardial-to-subepicardial relaxation gradients at the onset of diast
96                            Midmyocardial and subepicardial response to dobutamine were predictive of
97  A); and 2) scars restricted to the anterior subepicardial right ventricular outflow tract in 11 pati
98 ribes a novel clinical entity of an isolated subepicardial right ventricular outflow tract scar servi
99             Subendocardial, mid-portion, and subepicardial ROIs were placed on the LV lateral wall.
100    The comparison of mean subendocardial and subepicardial SI within groups revealed significantly mo
101 s of induced VT arose from subendocardial or subepicardial sites distant from areas of marked conduct
102 ion of WT1 and RALDH2 initially populate the subepicardial space and subsequently invade the ventricu
103 tal epicardial explants and engrafted in the subepicardial space in vivo.
104 tant mice, including failed expansion of the subepicardial space, blunted invasion of the myocardium,
105 e cardiac fibroblasts, which localize in the subepicardial space.
106 nfarct and from nonischemic remote-site (RS) subepicardial tissue from the same animal.
107 cardial dysfunction that is masked by larger subepicardial torque.
108 e mean difference between subendocardial and subepicardial TOTv values versus that in the control reg
109                                          The subepicardial vascular density was similar in both group
110  we found that cardiomyocytes throughout the subepicardial ventricular layer trigger expression of th
111 ndent action potential characteristics of LV subepicardial versus subendocardial myocytes in differen
112             To test this hypothesis, porcine subepicardial vessels (50 to 100 microm) were isolated,
113      Nonischemic LGE patterns (midmyocardial/subepicardial) were also observed.
114 ys occurred at the border between M-cell and subepicardial zones, where repolarization gradients were
115 abnormalities, typically seen in midwall and subepicardial zones.

 
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