ライフサイエンスコーパス: summer

1 iods of the year (autumn, winter, spring and summer).

2 cean per km of shoreline per day during late summer.

3 V. cholerae population over the course of a summer.

4 onged residency in inland streams during the summer.

5 r radiation during winter, and lowest during summer.

6 ional) in the Netherlands, during winter and summer.

7 erature anomalies in spring but decreased in summer.

8 ng long dark winter and fully recover during summer.

9 tes were less sensitive to drought stress in summer.

10 ong seasonality, with peak levels during the summer.

11 (SD) and size during early-, mid-, and late-summer.

12 ng/m(3) in winter and 3.5 +/- 1.6 ng/m(3) in summer.

13 nhanced atmospheric deposition of TFA during summer.

14 mia x crocosmiiflora) corms during the early summer.

15 ed during peak river discharge in spring and summer.

16 over the Southern Ocean are high in austral summer.

17 iation during the polynya opening in austral summer.

18 nths and Ca(2+) and NO(3)(-) dominant in the summer.

19 es were also heavier than females during the summer.

20 ns in central Amazonia and Southeastern U.S. summer.

21 /- 2.0 Tg N[Formula: see text] in the boreal summer.

22 during winter but generally increased during summer.

23 ceeding to moisture and leaf area during the summer.

24 e organic carbon in northeast Siberia during summer.

25 n water are lower than in soils, at least in summer.

26 ded soils are warmed to >20 degrees C during summer.

27 ed areas become increasingly ice-free during summer.

28 s reached almost 100 ng/L in late spring and summer.

29 ales) in the water and loose deposits during summer.

30 rmer and wetter winters and warmer and dryer summers.

31 mpatric zone of a Hokkaido stream during two summers.

32 ally suitable habitat associated with warmer summers.

33 of summer 2017 cases with those of 2014-2018 summers.

34 food in spring (0.92 +/- 0.90) compared with summer (0.20 +/- 0.26).

35 TEP (summer 13-160 and winter 18-46, ng/L) and TCPP (summer 2

36 oratories during the DISCOVER-AQ campaign in summer 2014 with a focus on northeastern Colorado.

37 We compared characteristics of summer 2017 cases with those of 2014-2018 summers.

38 During summer 2017, the Minnesota Department of Health received

39 In summer 2017, we observed at least four thick (70-140 m)

40 ear-road and 3 background fixed sites during summer 2017; two concurrently operated mobile laboratori

41 ted a potential recruitment failure in early summer 2018, when the proportion of new recruits decline

42 nd Environmental Chemistry field campaign in summer 2018.

43 ion metal catalysts for C-H activation until summer 2018.

44 Summer 2019 observations show a rapid resurgence of the

45 moil that culminated in its rapid closure in summer 2019.

46 mer 13-160 and winter 18-46, ng/L) and TCPP (summer 242-4282 and winter 215-854, ng/L) were the main

47 ke the original Blob, Blob 2.0 peaked in the summer, a season when little is known about the physical

48 heterogeneity of movement, including spring/summer accelerations.

49 nd during torpor re-entry after arousal) and summer active animals using next generation sequencing o

50 Trends in farmers' spring and summer activities were very likely/likely associated wit

51 ities of N(2)-fixation occurred during early summer after a late spring phytoplankton bloom, and were

52 ncreased Streptococcus species abundance the summer after hospitalization was also associated with a

53 Mean summer air temperature (MSAT) was the principal factor d

54 often at warm sampling sites with increased summer air temperature, soil temperature, and soil moist

55 ospitalization and, when healthy, during the summer and 1 year after hospitalization.

56 pecies-level annual carbon assimilation, but summer and autumn accounted for large proportions of som

57 elease of monarch butterflies throughout the summer and autumn.

58 y due to the different grazing strategies in summer and different forage composition in winter.

59 us disease 2019 in the Southern Hemispheres' summer and early fall.

60 in line with search for primary prey during summer and fall, and ease-of-travel during spring, while

61 th low values (- 8 to - 10 per mille) during summer and high values during spring/winter (0 to - 3 pe

62 t C. limbatus give birth in the bay in early summer and immature sharks occur there until late fall,

63 We also included effects of peak summer and migratory population indices.

64 ly driven by conditions during the preceding summer and the effect of continued climate change was li

65 sonal ranges more than doubled in spring and summer and were significantly larger in all months.

66 Samples (277) were collected during summer and winter (2012-2014).

67 alyzed transcripts, 583 displayed DE between summer and winter births (False Discovery Rate [FDR] q <

68 yses of the seasonally variant genes between summer and winter births indicated overrepresentation of

69 y during peak pollutant formation periods in summer and winter, respectively.

70 ntiated from the F&M of other farms, both in summer and winter.

71 3N2) may undergo antigenic mutations in both summers and winters and thus monitoring the virus in bot

72 162 ppb and 24 h PM(2.5) of 42.7 mug/m(3) in summer, and 107 mug/m(3) and 24 h PM(2.5) in winter.

73 d delta(13) C(ph) monthly throughout spring, summer, and autumn in Eucalyptus tereticornis grown in l

74 phere varied seasonally, peaking in southern summer, and surged during dust storms, including the 201

75 Four summer annuals and a collection of maize hybrids were gr

76 rowing winter annuals to fast-growing spring/summer annuals.

77 during modern climate change, future loss of summer Arctic sea ice will accelerate the thawing of Sib

78 ollected in the reference area in winter and summer are presented in an initial exploratory study.

79 ampled concurrently from late spring to late summer at Livingston Island (Antarctica).

80 to 3 to 6 days of natural solar radiation in summer at the sampling locations.

81 On a nationwide, summer average basis, ambient PM(2.5) is reduced 0.55% a

82 Late summer Bd infection parameters are governed, at least in

83 During the summer, benthic temperatures show high-frequency fluctua

84 ars tuberalis of the pituitary, and triggers summer biology through the eyes absent/thyrotrophin (EYA

85 The Cooper bill contained diatoms from summer bloom species suggesting that the money was not d

86 Law also applies to flowering durations for summer-blooming species and herbaceous spring-blooming s

87 s in warmer areas, which is more obvious for summer-blooming species compared to spring-bloomers driv

88 centration pathway (RCP) 8.5, especially for summer-blooming species.

89 sis suggests that 2.1-2.3 degrees C (modeled summer bottom temperature) is a tipping point of rapid d

90 m densities in the Monarch butterfly Midwest summer breeding range and 37% more nesting opportunities

91 nted predators of immature monarchs in their summer breeding range in the United States.

92 were similar to within 5% during spring and summer, but mobile P binding fractions nearly doubled in

93 temperature in predicting daily mortality in summer by using a large multicountry dataset.

94 respiration and can offset up to 41% of the summer CO(2) uptake.

95 diation is in phase with water availability, summer conditions cause strong SUHI intensities due to h

96 of the hamster diencephalon under winter and summer conditions, and in vivo-targeted expression analy

97 erennial grasses to persist well under harsh summer conditions.

98 ntributed to the widespread, ~50% decline in summer copepod abundance we observe over the last 60 yea

99 at nitrogen and phosphorus have on the early summer CyanoHAB and the functional activities of Nostoc-

100 Based on summer data collection in both provinces, after controll

101 Plant sampling was performed on a typical summer day and during an extreme heat event.

102 over the course of both a sunny and a cloudy summer day.

103 s an essential role in the adaptation to hot summer days, which especially endanger insects of desicc

104 However, contradictory summer daytime temperature responses to deforestation ar

105 f population quasi-extinction, regardless of summer demography where recruitment takes place.

106 esident/migrant) and season-specific (winter/summer) differences in resource selection by eight popul

107 Summer dormancy is an important stress avoidance mechani

108 Among all the QTL, five summer dormancy related putative QTL were identified in

109 QTL associated with summer-dormancy related traits in tall fescue has signif

110 ponses and epistatic interactions with other summer dormant and stress responsive QTL regions for pla

111 All the putative summer dormant QTL regions in male map showed pleiotropi

112 ly limited by their ability to cope with the summer drought imposed by the Mediterranean climate in t

113 a 3 degrees C warmer air temperature; a late-summer drought was also imposed.

114 ally exhibiting a rise in prevalence in late summer/early fall.

115 f the Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS), amplifying summer energy absorption at the ice surface and enhancin

116 modes of particle export dynamics, including summer export, more stochastic inputs from the upper wat

117 , coastal zone precipitation peaks in boreal summer, extending into fall for precipitation at the coa

118 microclimatic temperature moderation reduces summer extreme temperatures in transition areas, even be

119 38% in 2008 to 70% in 2012), and during the summer-fall season (from 2% in 2007 to 13% in 2012).

120 ncata, an Australian native C(4) grass and a summer-fallow weed, which is common in no-till agricultu

121 Lawrence, Canada, is a major summer feeding ground for humpback whales (Megaptera nov

122 During austral summer field seasons between 1999 and 2018, we sampled a

123 s shifted toward more spring germination and summer flowering as opposed to fall germination and spri

124 es in abundance, typically in the spring and summer followed, by rapid declines within weeks.

125 mbination of earlier spring blooms and lower summer food quantity and quality creates an increasing p

126 lues varied seasonally and were lower in the summer for volatile OPEs.

127 (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba) may also serve as summer forages, and add resilience to agricultural syste

128 cies, (2) investigated the SST trends at the summer foraging grounds, and (3) assessed the relationsh

129 extraction on cores collected in spring and summer from two small agricultural streams in the draina

130 ypoxia in the northern Gulf of Mexico across summers from 1985 to 2017.

131 compared to the larger, biologically-driven summer gradient.

132 In addition, samples collected in the summer had significantly higher levels of EOPEs than sam

133 tent with our hypothesis, species from drier summers had traits conferring more tolerance to drought

134 (positive) NAO and SICBS loss (recovery) in summer have increased over the last two decades, reachin

135 Warmer summers have improved the carrying capacity and apparent

136 -spring heatwaves (June, July) followed by a summer heatwave (August; 3HW) and (c) a summer heatwave

137 by a summer heatwave (August; 3HW) and (c) a summer heatwave only (1HW).

138 an modulate the potential sensitivity to the summer heatwave.

139 Increased frequency of summer heatwaves and poor water quality are two of the m

140 t Bowl decade coincided with record-breaking summer heatwaves that contributed to the socio-economic

141 istence timescales tend to be shorter in the summer hemisphere due to the shallower mixed layer.

142 ncentrations of OOA are thus expected in the summer; however, our current mechanistic understanding f

143 were approximately ten-fold greater than in summer; however, zooplankton MeHg concentrations were pa

144 Moreover, our new estimates of mean summer hypoxic area changed by >10% in a majority of yea

145 sed to provide seasonal forecasts of the mid-summer hypoxic extent using historic time series of spri

146 time series of spring nutrient load and mid-summer hypoxic extent.

147 eding 20 degrees C have been measured during summer in polar regions at the surfaces of barren fellfi

148 eekly doubling rates remains >20% throughout summer in the absence of social interventions.

149 e substantial warm and dry biases during the summer in the conterminous United States (CONUS), partic

150 e Snowy Mountains, where they endure the hot summer in the cool climate of alpine caves.

151 gust (JJA) and ranked the second most active summer in the satellite era; only 5 TCs that occurred du

152 Every summer in the United States, youths attending agricultur

153 As European heatwaves become more severe, summers in the United Kingdom (UK) are also getting warm

154 See also the editorial by Summers in this issue.

155 a year-round ice platform (~50% coverage in summer) in the 1990s to nearly complete melt-out in summ

156 by Amazon River discharge during spring and summer, indicating a possible regime shift and raising t

157 Summer indoor heat exposure was modeled at the U.S. Cens

158 glaciation (LIG) experienced stronger boreal summer insolation forcing than the present interglaciati

159 st stage started with the increase of boreal summer integrated solar insolation, and during this stag

160 th infection parameters measured during late summer is modified by previously experienced spatiotempo

161 illing the advancing phenology in spring and summer is still attributable to warming; even the farmer

162 reli') and two green-fleshed ('Hayward' and 'Summer') kiwifruit cultivars were assessed.

163 12:12), Short winter-like (LD 8:16), or Long summer-like (LD 16:8) photoperiods.

164 Our assessment of PJM summer load further suggests that fossil-only average em

165 in the 1990s to nearly complete melt-out in summer (<5% coverage) in the 2010s.

166 n 60% was mainly located in the winter wheat-summer maize rotation systems in the North China Plain,

167 a(-1) for winter wheat and 185 kg ha(-1) for summer maize) and N3 (300 kg ha(-1) for winter wheat and

168 tments, N0 (0 kg ha(-1) for winter wheat and summer maize), N1 (168 kg ha(-1) for winter wheat and 12

169 a(-1) for winter wheat and 129 kg ha(-1) for summer maize), N2 (240 kg ha(-1) for winter wheat and 18

170 ) and N3 (300 kg ha(-1) for winter wheat and summer maize), on the double cropping at Dawenkou resear

171 This summer marks the 51st anniversary of the DNA tumor virus

172 ng abundance, heavy fall rains, and hot, dry summers may have contributed to the recent population de

173 ber to January) and the second peak in early summer (May to June), and the amplitude and the magnitud

174 e compound hot extremes arise primarily from summer-mean warming.

175 Here we use 23 years of summer measurements to document temporal variability in

176 During drought summers, meltwater dominates water inputs to the upper I

177 Indian Summer Monsoon (ISM) rainfall has a direct effect on the

178 Corresponding variations in South American summer monsoon (SASM) strength are documented, most comm

179 t the basic mechanisms behind the East Asian Summer Monsoon and its interaction with the westerly jet

180 is a key circulation system controlling the summer monsoon and typhoon activities over the western P

181 majority of precipitation falls outside the summer monsoon period.

182 This was tracked by the summer monsoon rain band resulting in an early-Holocene

183 Here we show that changes in Indian Summer Monsoon rainfall have controlled the residence ti

184 ios in precipitation have been linked to the summer monsoon strength.

185 , seasonal insolation and a vigorous African summer monsoon.

186 In the summer monsoonal realm, like Southeast Asia, seasonally

187 ively uncommon or entirely absent during the summer months (July-September).

188 identified sudden shifts, 22 occurred in the summer months and often involved distances larger than t

189 se of temperature and humidity as spring and summer months arrive in the Northern Hemisphere) will no

190 ecies that experience variable rainfall over summer months when seeds usually mature.

191 m were higher in the winter and lower in the summer months.

192 lly Heilongjiang and Jilin provinces) during summer months.

193 uted to photochemical transformations during summer months.

194 d completes its lifecycle in less than three summer months.

195 Climate cycle indices of spring ENSO, summer NAO, and winter or spring PDO accounted for 40-54

196 Due to counteracting winter (positive) and summer (negative) GPP responses to warming, leaf area in

197 tu process studies to link these declines to summer nutrient stress and increasing proportions of pic

198 Western Australian coastline in the austral summer of 2010-2011, exposing marine communities to summ

199 face processes were especially strong in the summer of 2014 and they led to positive sea surface sali

200 e conducted in the central Baltic Sea in the summer of 2015 during the development of a cyanobacteria

201 servoirs, and rivers in Ohio, USA during the summer of 2017.

202 oprene mixing ratio were made throughout the summer of 2018 in Wytham Woods, a mixed deciduous woodla

203 Brno in two campaigns during the winter and summer of 2018.

204 l/suburban field site in Colorado during the summer of 2018.

205 cated between Greenland and Svalbard, in the summer of 2018.

206 016 to 2018 to build the model and data from summer of 2019 to validate it.

207 In late 2018-summer of 2019, a measles outbreak occurred in the New Y

208 the construction of Por-Bajin started in the summer of 777 CE, a foundation date that resolves decade

209 with winter annual life history germinate in summer or autumn and require a period of prolonged winte

210 the major basins of each lake in spring and summer over 2 years.

211 ate produced both the highly acidic aerosol (summer pH 1.5-2) and liquid water required for the aqueo

212 Although spring and summer phases in wild plants advanced less (maximum adva

213 al methane (CH(4) ) emissions and can offset summer photosynthetic carbon dioxide (CO(2) ) uptake.

214 fat) of wolf-killed elk varied markedly with summer plant productivity, snow water equivalent (SWE) a

215 ts meridionally, allowing moist air near the summer pole to be rapidly transported to lower latitudes

216 mobile P binding fractions nearly doubled in summer, possibly due to accelerated rates of organic mat

217 linked to El Nino during austral spring and summer, potentially providing long-lead predictability o

218 Fruit-NPP was positively related to summer precipitation 2 yr before (R(2) = 0.85), and nega

219 ght and earlier soil moisture recession, but summer precipitation changes remain highly uncertain.

220 Eliminating summer precipitation reduced C gain and growth but did n

221 s, and GPP was responsive to both winter and summer precipitation such that two distinct GPP maxima w

222 owland tundra fires, our results reveal that summer precipitation was the most important climatic dri

223 al) and climatic variability (variability of summer precipitation) were among the best predictors of

224 inter and spring temperatures and spring and summer precipitation, and positively correlated with sea

225 tion will be sensitive to reduced or delayed summer precipitation, especially if coupled to snow drou

226 mpounds and that the leaves collected in the summer presented a number of compounds much more relevan

227 ure, they occur preferentially during boreal summer, presumably associated with the passage of atmosp

228 It terminated during summer probably because increased meltwater restored eff

229 ly increased and shifted to gas-phase in the summer probably due to higher temperatures that favor pa

230 n very limited at SFSU and elsewhere, so the summer program provides opportunities for many more stud

231 Since 2015, we have run a free 9-week summer program that provides non-computer science (CS) u

232 global response of the switchgrass cultivar Summer proteome and phosphoproteome was monitored by lab

233 on dates were earlier in warmer years, while summer rainfall had opposing associations with collectio

234 mbient or reduced (~40% of rainfall removed) summer rainfall.

235 n, COVID-19 will decrease temporarily during summer, rebound by autumn, and peak next winter.

236 Warmer and drier summers reduced the growth rate as a result of turgor li

237 y be unable to take advantage of traditional summer research programs because these programs require

238 d aerosol samples obtained during an Austral summer research voyage, spanning 42.8 to 66.5 degrees S.

239 cent of central European floods occurred in summer, respectively, compared with 55 per cent of flood

240 and 1.15 +/- 0.36 ng/m(3) during winter and summer, respectively.

241 Z., Dong, Z., Chaurasia, B., Wang, L., Summers, S.

242 The gridded annual reconstruction of austral summer scPDSI is the most spatially complete estimate of

243 and projections suggest the complete loss of summer sea ice by the middle of this century(1).

244 eenland (< 2000 individuals), where the mean summer sea temperatures were the highest (6.3 degrees C)

245 he model, Arctic Ocean warming following the summer sea-ice melt drives vertical convection that pert

246 s positively associated with age >=6 months, summer season, nonexclusive breastfeeding at age <3 mont

247 s associated with higher temperatures in the summer season.

248 of 2010-2011, exposing marine communities to summer seawater temperatures 2-5 degrees C warmer than a

249 d new 1200-year tree-ring reconstructions of summer soil moisture to demonstrate that the 2000-2018 S

250 to simulated sunlight representative of the summer solstice at 40 degrees N latitude at sea level on

251 les during the 2018-2019 southern spring and summer stormy seasons show that high-altitude water is p

252 s showed distinct patterns with depth during summer stratification.

253 hours in a solar simulator resembling twice summer sunlight at 40 degrees N.

254 the influence of the increased emissions on summer surface ozone levels.

255 ikely outcome of continued climate change on summer survival was generally positive.

256 ults indicate that in most of our data sets, summer temperature (T(jul) ) is strongly associated with

257 US counties responded unimodally to average summer temperature and peaked at 24 degrees C, matching

258 Summer temperature and precipitation appeared to be impo

259 Elevated summer temperature is reported to be the leading cause o

260 ecies, we demonstrate that increasing annual summer temperature over the 40-year period predicts cons

261 The rate of summer temperature rise is further associated with highe

262 males was positively associated with maximum summer temperature.

263 The Arctic is facing higher summer temperatures and extreme weather events are becom

264 ge in Scottish mountains (snow lie, elevated summer temperatures and nitrogen deposition) have contri

265 n between global observed changes in daytime summer temperatures and present-day irrigation extent.

266 ent with the greater increase in spring than summer temperatures recorded for this region.

267 ge is limited to areas with average positive summer temperatures, and distribution strongly influence

268 fecal pellet age (i.e., 0-6 days), variable summer temperatures, and precipitation affected FGM conc

269 etect a matching signal over time, as higher summer temperatures, coupled with cold early winter soil

270 fish subjected to contemporary and projected summer temperatures.

271 tion, and 23 of those responded to projected summer temperatures.

272 g with managed flows released before extreme summer temperatures.

273 terized by a single broad maximum during the summer that corresponded to snow melt-derived moisture a

274 egions already exceeding 20 degrees C during summer, the observations suggest that climate warming ha

275 Summer thermally stratified surface waters in southweste

276 g and stimulated flowering in the subsequent summer, thus synchronizing reproduction among years and

277 w that there is significant asymmetry in the summer-time temperature response of electricity demand i

278 electricity production could be shifted from summer to winter without reducing the annual total produ

279 393 heat pumps would shift peak demand from summer to winter.

280 iurnal-freezing treatment (DF) that emulates summer-to-winter change.

281 d concentration increases significantly from summer towards autumn, possibly linked to the ocean free

282 She was diagnosed as having summer-type hypersensitivity pneumonitis (SHP).

283 t of the assessment, with maximal effects in summer, under low-nutrient conditions.

284 Nevertheless, leaf C:N was low for summer- versus spring-collected plants, consistent with

285 d active layer depth responses to short-term summer warming in four diverse Alaskan sites.

286 Our results support the hypothesis that summer warming stimulated plant productivity across much

287 significantly associated with below average summer warming.

288 osition (delta(18)O(water)) rather than lake summer water temperature (T(water)), is the main determi

289 breaks are likely in more humid climates and summer weather will not substantially limit pandemic gro

290 t remains unknown, as of April 2020, whether summer weather will reduce its spread, thereby alleviati

291 representative of late winter/early fall and summer were 0.121 +/- 0.017 min-1 (90% loss, 19 minutes)

292 The reconstruction shows that early Holocene summers were consistently warmer than the Holocene mean,

293 These processes were more pronounced in summer when particles were most acidic, whereas in winte

294 most intense events preferentially occur in summer, when climatological oceanic mixed layers are sha

295 Summers which see days above 40 degrees C somewhere in t

296 which have experienced a temperature rise in summer while retaining cold winters to be dominated by p

297 tured across the United States in spring and summer, while capacity lowers to 0-5 L/m(2)/day in fall

298 ubtypes, on northern breeding grounds during summer with progressively lowered influenza prevalence,

299 omponent is a source in winter and a sink in summer, with an estimated amplitude of 4.3 parts per mil

300 Spawning occurred between spring-summer, yet gonad index peaked only in one population du