ライフサイエンスコーパス: supersaturation

1 d using drug solutions at varying degrees of supersaturation.

2 rmed simulations at controlled and realistic supersaturation.

3 is driven by fluctuations as opposed to mean supersaturation.

4 rine pH, which would lower calcium phosphate supersaturation.

5 00 nm in a confined volume while controlling supersaturation.

6 hanges that would increase calcium phosphate supersaturation.

7 turation and determine the biological oxygen supersaturation.

8 (<5.5) and an increase in urinary uric acid supersaturation.

9 ro growth rates for very small reductions in supersaturation.

10 to 20 days after fourfold dilution to induce supersaturation.

11 usual metabolic abnormalities that increase supersaturation.

12 [Ca(2+)].[HCitr(2-)] product as critical for supersaturation.

13 rence increased to 13 times higher at a 1.2% supersaturation.

14 tal growth at select solution alkalinity and supersaturation.

15 a physicochemical explanation of this robust supersaturation.

16 nd structural evolution of the solution with supersaturation.

17 he average particle size without the need of supersaturation.

18 bS colloidal nanoparticles in the absence of supersaturation.

19 rug adsorption increasing with the extent of supersaturation.

20 e solvation shell and local variation in the supersaturation.

21 er-thick micropancake that nucleates without supersaturation.

22 trations, especially at high values of cloud supersaturation.

23 reased calcium oxalate and calcium phosphate supersaturation.

24 ge to a common upper limit at extremely high supersaturation.

25 uring nucleation rates at different solution supersaturations.

26 chemical equilibria to maintain constant low supersaturations.

27 of equilibrium in order to sustain gas-phase supersaturations.

28 on depression at realistic cloud water vapor supersaturations.

29 sed to measure nucleation rates at different supersaturations.

30 This work shows how controlling supersaturation, a thermodynamic parameter, can uncover

31 Vacancy supersaturation, activation of a long-range diffusion pa

32 modeled by sink terms, while fluctuations in supersaturation affecting droplet growth are modeled by

33 was observed on glycine diffusion up to 24% supersaturation after five days.

34 age- and sex-matched control subjects, urine supersaturation among the patients was not increased; th

35 hen assembly takes place under conditions of supersaturation and also when the concentration ratio of

36 pical freshwaters, where high reported CO(2) supersaturation and atmospheric emissions may be explain

37 ility for intestinal mucus to stabilize drug supersaturation and delay drug precipitation is potentia

38 can remove the physical contribution to O(2) supersaturation and determine the biological oxygen supe

39 n alter the relationship between water vapor supersaturation and droplet size (i.e., the Kohler curve

40 he utilization of polymers to stabilize drug supersaturation and enhance oral drug absorption has rec

41 -point depression of glycine-water up to 30% supersaturation and found that glycine exists mainly as

42 modynamic activity translated to a decreased supersaturation and hence a reduction in the maximum ach

43 L(c) grow with a rate determined only by the supersaturation and independent of their length.

44 article size, thereby redefining the role of supersaturation and its role in determining the so-calle

45 shell, and the mediation of this droplet for supersaturation and nucleation of the nanotube species m

46 ed on thermal analysis and to a standardized supersaturation and precipitation method.

47 adjacent solution, thus increasing the local supersaturation and promoting barite nucleation on organ

48 We attribute T-SEI formation to local supersaturation and resultant electrolyte salt depositio

49 urine calcium oxalate and calcium phosphate supersaturation and stone formation is complex and diffi

50 dy the effects of potassium citrate on urine supersaturation and stone formation, we utilized 95th-ge

51 d a change in the solvent strength, leads to supersaturation and subsequent crystallization.

52 mbers were found to increase with increasing supersaturation and temperature.

53 valuated, focusing on the maximum achievable supersaturation and tendency of the system to undergo li

54 lay a central role in mineral growth at high supersaturation and that a classical complexation model

55 two nondimensional numbers representing the supersaturation and the freezing rate, and two additiona

56 that frequent cycling of a solution between supersaturation and undersaturation can accelerate dolom

57 ot experience decompression-related volatile supersaturation and viscous stalling.

58 Supersaturation and water velocity affect crystal organi

59 o levels of oxygen (around saturation and at supersaturation), and relate the results to their site-s

60 ents form stones in the absence of increased supersaturation, and in those patients, one might assume

61 lithiasis is often associated with increased supersaturation, and it is assumed that this increase ov

62 done would decrease urine calcium excretion, supersaturation, and perhaps stone formation.

63 te for 18 wk and measured urine chemistries, supersaturation, and the upper limit of metastability of

64 eptoid sequences and concentrations, CaCO(3) supersaturations, and the ratio of Ca(2+)/ HCO(3)(-).

65 of the alpha-glutamic acid crystal at lower supersaturations are in reasonable agreement with the ex

66 The model accurately estimated the degree of supersaturation as a function of time during conditions

67 atio of RTV and ATV achieved only 50% of the supersaturation attained by dissolution of the single dr

68 Because nucleation rate increases with supersaturation, bubble number density (BND) provides a

69 thalidone, increased urine calcium phosphate supersaturation, but chlorthalidone did not.

70 of cholesterol crystals at 10-20 days after supersaturation by dilution, supporting the role of smal

71 howed that silicon fortuitously controls the supersaturation by reversibly reacting with H(2)S to for

72 ons in crystal nucleation, where high solute supersaturation can be achieved near the high-field regi

73 ater-soluble compounds, suggesting that drug supersaturation can be stabilized in close proximity to

74 critical concentration is determined by the supersaturation concentration.

75 To map out the supersaturation conditions conducive to particle nucleat

76 Lower supersaturation conditions favored anisotropic growth, w

77 However, at higher supersaturation conditions, algae removal was diminished

78 However, at higher supersaturation conditions, algae removal was diminished

79 requirement for magnesium to achieve proper supersaturation conditions.

80 The dependence of t(ind) on supersaturation could be described within the framework

81 vers for magnesite growth are sustained high supersaturation coupled with low H(2)O activity, a combi

82 Because the external conditions triggering supersaturation creation, nucleation, and deracemization

83 We demonstrate that at high supersaturation crystal formation can be accurately pred

84 spherulites as the annealing temperature and supersaturation degree are increased.

85 At supersaturations Delta mu/k(B)T of 1.1 -- 1.6 -- 2.3, th

86 r thermal performance when exposed to oxygen supersaturation, despite being constrained within a narr

87 r restructuring occurs already at zero vapor supersaturation due to capillary condensation.

88 were consistent with a decrease in effective supersaturation due to magnesium incorporation.

89 mit is consistent with larger variability of supersaturation due to the slow microphysical response.

90 onstrates the advantages of maintaining drug supersaturation during active loading.

91 uggesting a binding mechanism that decreases supersaturation, especially at pH 5.

92 l cord, we observe that they have an average supersaturation even greater than the average supersatur

93 ghout the synthesis and, especially at lower supersaturation, facilitated {100}-to-vicinal-to-{111} a

94 n of calcium hydrogen phosphate resulting in supersaturation factors around three and without precipi

95 Conditions under which the model exhibits supersaturation features are elaborated.

96 l for published experimental data exhibiting supersaturation features are illustrated.

97 Supersaturation fluctuations in the low aerosol/slow mic

98 the droplet size distribution due to reduced supersaturation fluctuations.

99 stems gradually increased and maintained the supersaturation for a longer period.

100 , is consistent with a reduction in critical supersaturation for activation, potentially substantiall

101 for poorly water-soluble drugs which rely on supersaturation for adequate exposure in vivo.

102 l was used to predict the maximum achievable supersaturation for ASDs containing two and three drugs.

103 d potassium and with lower urine oxalate and supersaturation for calcium oxalate and uric acid.

104 and lower urinary sodium, resulting in lower supersaturation for calcium oxalate, calcium phosphate,

105 an be obtained between experimental critical supersaturation for cloud drop activation and that calcu

106 aturation, which increased to (0.4 +/- 0.1)% supersaturation for the most organic-rich aerosol sample

107 ordered ice only under conditions of extreme supersaturation, for which a nonequilibrium liquid layer

108 g ASD to superSNEDDS increased the degree of supersaturation from 250% to 275% S(eq) in the superSNED

109 Four methods for estimating cloud supersaturation from aerosol-cloud measurements were com

110 nd secondary production observed with oxygen supersaturation further implicate a biological mechanism

111 The growth of molecular crystals under a supersaturation gradient within the same space and times

112 y require harsh conditions and low levels of supersaturation, hampering the controlled synthesis of s

113 hrough the polymerization of silicic acid at supersaturation have been predominantly studied in solut

114 netic settings (impurity-free, low degree of supersaturation, high fluid:solid ratio) exhibit the rho

115 role of intestinal mucus in stabilizing drug supersaturation, however, has not been previously explor

116 ntrations, but at the same time question the supersaturation hypothesis that has been proposed to exp

117 e from atmospheric bubble entrainment or gas supersaturation (i.e., O2) or both.

118 and matrix repair and indirectly promote PPi supersaturation in aging and OA cartilage.

119 o significant differences in calcium oxalate supersaturation in any group.

120 steresis and ultraslow reversal of CO(2)(aq) supersaturation in aqueous systems, with implications to

121 rtilage matrix inorganic pyrophosphate (PPi) supersaturation in chondrocalcinosis.

122 external carbon inputs fuel widespread CO(2) supersaturation in continental waters, and the resulting

123 Carbon dioxide (CO(2)) supersaturation in lakes and rivers worldwide is commonl

124 rophic bacteria in the long-observed methane supersaturation in oxygenated waters.

125 nd the dependence of critical step length on supersaturation in precisely controlled solutions.

126 activates more droplets and decreases cloud supersaturation in response to more competition for wate

127 antly enhanced dissolution and achieves high supersaturation in simulated gastric and/or phosphate bu

128 lso, during dissolution study, the degree of supersaturation in the dissolution medium generated by t

129 The persistent supersaturation in the former class of cirrus is consist

130 of CO(2) uptake, Mg(2)(+)/O(2-) dissolution, supersaturation in the molten promoter, and precipitatio

131 In combination with a low aragonite supersaturation in the ocean, this could have reduced co

132 Biological O(2) supersaturation in the surface ocean reflects the net me

133 oorly water soluble drugs, which may undergo supersaturation in vivo.

134 ntrations by 6.8-42.1% at a typical range of supersaturations in clouds, demonstrating the significan

135 Growth of ice from vapor at moderate supersaturations in the temperature range relevant to ci

136 -silicon (AuSi) catalyst particles as the Si supersaturation increased, which is the first step of th

137 Increasing supersaturation increases the amount of condensate, prod

138 ess for nucleation decreases as the volatile supersaturation increases.

139 in particular for drugs where achieving high supersaturation is critical to drive their absorption.

140 The supersaturation is localized at the interface between a

141 The increased CO2 supersaturation is most prominent in Lakes Huron and Mic

142 from aqueous solution, despite conditions of supersaturation, is kinetically hindered at low temperat

143 We find linear dependence of growth rate on supersaturation, known as a criterion for continues grow

144 ephrolithiasis, a condition in which urinary supersaturation leads to stone formation in the urinary

145 d they greatly reduced the reaction rate and supersaturation level to induce anisotropic growth.

146 The low supersaturation level, triggered by the evaporation of a

147 etic settings (impurity-rich, high degree of supersaturation, low fluid:solid ratio) exhibit non-rhom

148 der the conditions of predicted metacinnabar supersaturation, microbial Hg methylation increased with

149 sertion every 138 base pairs, and used this "supersaturation" mutagenesis to score essentiality for 9

150 initial multi-site oxide nucleation, vacancy supersaturation, nucleation of a single cavity, sinking

151 erentially supplied close to perihelion, and supersaturation occurs even when clouds are present.

152 r at the inland sites than at the coast at a supersaturation of 0.2%, and this difference increased t

153 Mean CO(2) supersaturation of 11,000 +/- 9,000 muatm could not be e

154 taintop location at -46 degrees C and an ice supersaturation of 30% with concentrations ranging from

155 d was developed for creating and maintaining supersaturation of a poorly soluble camptothecin analogu

156 transport is unaffected, and thus results in supersaturation of bile with respect to cholesterol and

157 elevation of serum urate levels resulting in supersaturation of body tissues with urate, leads to the

158 er and injected solutions can induce mineral supersaturation of constituents and drive precipitation

159 rates increased linearly with the degree of supersaturation of drug in the external loading solution

160 ugs, thereby reducing the maximum achievable supersaturation of each drug.

161 hypersaline solution, the membrane achieves supersaturation of feed solution and a salt crystal yiel

162 Instead, cholesterol supersaturation of gallbladder bile was due to marked de

163 Below the water table, supersaturation of gaseous Hg is likely created more by

164 However, supersaturation of methane in oxygenated waters has been

165 5.0 +/- 1.0 kJ mol(-1), thus increasing the supersaturation of monomeric alpha-synuclein within the

166 udy which, for the first time, documents the supersaturation of N2 in a lake.

167 In marine and freshwater environments, CH(4) supersaturation of oxic surface waters has been termed t

168 to decrease the concentration and, thus, the supersaturation of precursor gases.

169 the former is suggested to create a spike in supersaturation of the actual sulfur precursor H(2)S and

170 t that the agarose gel reduces the effective supersaturation of the aqueous potassium chloride.

171 Supersaturation of the droplets leads to rapid one-dimen

172 upersaturation even greater than the average supersaturation of the native interaction partners in mo

173 e fibril nucleation rate as functions of the supersaturation of the protein solution.

174 qualitatively explained on the basis of the supersaturation of the solutions with respect to calcium

175 In particular, we stress that the supersaturation of the wetting layer (WL), whose relevan

176 The urinary relative supersaturations of calcium oxalate (P = 0.03) and brush

177 sulting from the compression, and subsequent supersaturation, of the intervening gas layer in low-pre

178 ing of the effects of pressure and inert gas supersaturation on organ function and knowledge of the a

179 d promote classical nucleation, whereas high supersaturation or aggregate-based reactants favor noncl

180 significant differences in calcium phosphate supersaturation or upper limit of metastability between

181 the SND in less than 30 min, with sustained supersaturation over 4 h.

182 ) of the nuclei on which cloud forms at 0.5% supersaturation over various regions in the lower tropos

183 implications to CO(2) capture, storage, and supersaturation phenomena in natural water bodies.

184 pid and straightforward determination of the supersaturation potential for amorphous materials of les

185 In supersaturation-precipitation (S-P) experiments, CVDL an

186 mers into heterotrimers, which is based on a supersaturation-precipitation pathway that shifts the dr

187 A stochastic differential equation for supersaturation predicts that the standard deviation of

188 erials are indeed capable of generating drug supersaturation, previous research has demonstrated inco

189 We propose that conditions of urine supersaturation promote kidney damage by inducing the pr

190 yl ester (CDME) in increasing the metastable supersaturation range of l-cystine, respectively, effect

191 This high IS also resulted in low supersaturation ratio and thus favor heterogeneous nucle

192 tation, which did not occur until a critical supersaturation ratio of about 2.36 was reached in the s

193 ly, the interfacial domains vanished at high supersaturation ratio, giving way to rapid spatially uni

194 mucus (PIM)) via the solvent-shift method at supersaturation ratios (SSR) of 5 and 6, respectively.

195 geneous nucleation with CaCO(3(S)); however, supersaturation ratios between 120 and 200 are required

196 rogeneous nucleation with CaCO3(S); however, supersaturation ratios between 120 and 200 are required

197 s disease during chlorthalidone therapy, the supersaturation ratios for calcium oxalate and calcium p

198 il ice formation, increase the maximum plume supersaturation reached in the contrail plume, and thus

199 nucleation of nanoparticles above a critical supersaturation reproduced key features of the experimen

200 We studied the critical supersaturation required for nucleation and found no obs

201 n of volatiles into existing bubbles reduces supersaturation, resulting in a dynamical feedback betwe

202 Passage into a cooler region created a supersaturation, resulting in rapid deposition of the ma

203 This result was consistent for independent supersaturation retrievals by cloud scene-based droplet

204 four harmonics, shows good agreement for the supersaturations (S = C/C*) of S = 3.75, S = 3.48, and S

205 ormation at moderately high to low vivianite supersaturations (saturation index <= 10.19).

206 At moderate supersaturation, seeds eliminate amorphous intermediates

207 H)2) can be employed to control the solution supersaturation, setting the conditions for continued gr

208 the delay time prior to fiber formation and supersaturation, show that in vivo fiber formation is ve

209 (hydr)oxide nucleation rates under different supersaturations (sigma, achieved by varying pH 3.3-3.6)

210 Supersaturation significantly modifies the IFL propertie

211 surements of cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) supersaturation spectra called Scanning Flow CCN Analysi

212 This study investigated the effects of supersaturation, temperature, and pH on the nucleation r

213 Supersaturation, temperature, and solvent composition ar

214 the result of exceptionally high degrees of supersaturation that preclude precipitation of gold crys

215 table hydrogen flow provides a favorable low supersaturation that promotes dislocation-driven trunk n

216 redictions of classical nucleation theory at supersaturations that extend above the solubility of amo

217 ayers, we demonstrate that within a range of supersaturations the only mechanism of generation of gro

218 With increasing supersaturation, the average hydration number of the glu

219 and phosphate serum concentrations are near supersaturation, the balance of inhibitors and promoters

220 At high protein concentrations and high supersaturation, the dimerization model does not describ

221 At even higher supersaturations, the aggregates become encapsulated, an

222 ex with six or more urate molecules to lower supersaturation, thereby reducing the rate of NH(4)HU cr

223 When the concentration of Ag atoms reaches supersaturation, they agglomerate to form seeds that the

224 The ability of mucus-stabilized CVDL supersaturation to translate into enhanced CVDL absorpti

225 Our simulations were performed at realistic supersaturations to enable the first direct comparison t

226 . from theoretical predictions with the high supersaturations typical of the growth of this protein s

227 r concentrations, low extinctions, and large supersaturations (up to approximately 70%) with respect

228 oxide nanotubes and nanowires by controlling supersaturation using a flow reactor and confirmed using

229 resence of Ca(2+) and Mg(2+) required higher supersaturation values; however, the shift from heteronu

230 resence of Ca(2+) and Mg(2+) required higher supersaturation values; however, the shift from heteronu

231 By controlling supersaturation vertical air motion influences how aeros

232 tions wetting each hydrophilic island, while supersaturation was controlled by slow antisolvent diffu

233 r with potassium citrate; however, uric acid supersaturation was lower.

234 nucleation to homonucleation with increasing supersaturation was still evident.

235 nucleation to homonucleation with increasing supersaturation was still evident.

236 The decrease in the achievable supersaturation was well-predicted by the thermodynamic

237 Depending on the supersaturation, we observed a variety of condensate mor

238 dependence that we measure for the gas-phase supersaturations, we expect such transient conditions to

239 rmore, calcium oxalate and calcium phosphate supersaturation were higher with potassium citrate; howe

240 recipitation (S-P) experiments, CVDL and PXM supersaturation were induced in test media (0, 0.1, 0.2,

241 droplet nucleation depends on the degree of supersaturation, whereas the location at which droplets

242 ed to the variations in solubility and hence supersaturation which might build up prior to nucleation

243 abilities of growing or melting at the given supersaturation), which is used together with the equati

244 t particles act as CCN above (0.3 +/- 0.05)% supersaturation, which increased to (0.4 +/- 0.1)% super

245 ter between the two solutions determines the supersaturation, which is controlled by electrokinetic i

246 x changes in urine chemistries and resultant supersaturation, which may not be beneficial in preventi

247 artificial pond, we observed systematic gas supersaturations, which seem to be linked to adsorption

248 sk include increased urinary calcium oxalate supersaturation, while urinary citrate, magnesium and vo

249 luconate combinations, the highest degree of supersaturation with longest lag phases for precipitatio

250 the calcium and carbonate ions required for supersaturation with respect to aragonite.

251 the calcium hydrogen phosphate fell, whereas supersaturation with respect to CaOx was unchanged.

252 -SO4 ion pairs in solution, which lowers the supersaturation with respect to magnesite, will have the

253 were conducted under conditions of predicted supersaturation with respect to metacinnabar (beta-HgS(s

254 f (Fex, Cr1-x)(OH)3 precipitates, solutions' supersaturation with respect to precipitates, and the su

255 Supersaturation with respect to the calcium hydrogen pho

256 ts with CaOx kidney stones, the reduction in supersaturation with respect to the calcium phosphate so

257 nds from drug delivery systems that generate supersaturation within the gastrointestinal tract (e.g.,

258 Metastable states, i.e. supersaturation, within individual micron-sized droplets

259 fluxes, oxygen concentration, and noble gas supersaturation yields a universal formulation of gas ex