ライフサイエンスコーパス: tonic

1 Second, tonic 5 nm dopamine (DA) gated activity-dependent SUMOyl

2 This promotes enhanced excitatory drive and tonic action potential firing in these neurons.

3 in excitability, with a shift from phasic to tonic action potential firing patterns in KO neurons.

4 However, the precise relationship between tonic activation and reduction of peak response is not k

5 Tonic activation does not alter network representations

6 can occur via synaptic mechanisms or through tonic activation of extrasynaptic receptors.

7 [ahx(5-24)]NPY also reduced tonic activation of GABA(B) receptors (GABA(B)R), which

8 butes to cortical interneuron maturation via tonic activation of GluN2C/GluN2D-containing NMDA recept

9 demonstrate that ambient glutamate provides tonic activation of immature, putative parvalbumin-posit

10 NMDARs mediate calcineurin inhibitor-induced tonic activation of presynaptic and postsynaptic NMDARs

11 It has been shown that tonic activation of the central and peripheral chemorefl

12 We found that bilateral phasic, but not tonic, activation of LC reset hippocampal maps in the A/

13 rm multiplexing: they exploit the phasic and tonic activity modes to encode, respectively, the cue/re

14 We found that strong facilitation of tonic activity of GluN2C subtype of NMDA receptors using

15 erated the rhythm after an initial period of tonic activity, implying that a subset of V1 neurons are

16 oring ChINs, strong enough to suppress their tonic activity.

17 A lack of tonic adenosine-mediated inhibition contributed to the h

18 ary for regulation of RLC phosphorylation in tonic airway smooth muscle.

19 task was significantly correlated both with tonic alpha asymmetry during the baseline period and wit

20 riod that preceded cued orienting (capturing tonic alpha changes) and during orienting with leftward,

21 alamander retina, we show that a decrease in tonic amacrine transmission is necessary for and is corr

22 istic model of a TC relay neuron to simulate tonic and burst patterns of firing.

23 two classically defined categories of spikes-tonic and burst-that differ in their underlying cellular

24 ACh leads to a significant reduction in both tonic and evoked granule cell synaptic inhibition.

25 rieval rates in AWC(ON), generating distinct tonic and evoked synaptic modes.

26 ociated with a significant reduction in both tonic and hypoxia-induced lactate release in the cerebra

27 ss-linking of PD-1 to CD45 and inhibits both tonic and ligand-activated signalling.

28 We provide evidence that a tonic and mutual interaction process (tonic entrainment)

29 Functional changes associated with tonic and phasic activation of the LHb are often attribu

30 d examined their modulation as a function of tonic and phasic arousal, indexed by baseline and task-e

31 variability associated with fluctuations in tonic and phasic arousal, indicative of neuromodulators

32 ptor populations responded very similarly to tonic and phasic dopamine signals.

33 'state-action' prediction errors, then both tonic and phasic modes of firing are emergent features o

34 pupil-linked processes, possibly related to tonic and phasic norepinephrine activity.

35 e distinct synaptic dynamics associated with tonic and phasic synaptic properties, respectively.

36 These recordings reveal that "tonic"' and low-threshold-spike (LTS) "burst" APs in bot

37 Cholinergic Signaling: Wired and Phasic, Not Tonic, and Causing Behavior, by Martin Sarter and Cindy

38 tion times were shorter on trials with lower tonic, and higher phasic arousal.

39 tions of CAR-T cells for cancer are unwanted tonic (antigen-independent) signaling and off-target act

40 low-threshold spike burst or lower-frequency tonic APs undergo substantial voltage attenuation as the

41 s were defined as hemiclonic, tonic, clonic, tonic-atonic, generalised tonic-clonic, and focal with c

42 peutic adjuvants to alleviate the emotional, tonic-aversive component of chronic pain, which is argue

43 e show that KORs are sufficient to drive the tonic-aversive component of chronic pain; the emotional

44 Mutations in genes promoting the tonic B-cell receptor (BCR)-->PI3K pathway (TCF3 and ID3

45 Tonic BCR signaling acts principally to activate AKT, an

46 inical response to therapeutic inhibition of tonic BCR signaling in DLBCL.

47 m knockout (KO) of the BCR or 2 mediators of tonic BCR signaling, SYK and CD19.

48 impairs BL cell survival by interfering with tonic BCR signaling, thus providing a molecular rational

49 , reflecting this subtype's exclusive use of tonic BCR signaling.

50 CR was increased, which resulted in enhanced tonic BCR signaling.

51 cluding phasic spiking, delayed spiking, and tonic bursting.

52 t targeting the CAR to the TRAC locus averts tonic CAR signalling and establishes effective internali

53 ormation of Kv1.5 that relieves Src-mediated tonic channel inhibition and results in an increase in I

54 sensitive and reliable means of quantifying tonic chemoreceptor-driven levels of sympathetic nervous

55 vulsive seizures were defined as hemiclonic, tonic, clonic, tonic-atonic, generalised tonic-clonic, a

56 had a history of generalised-onset seizures (tonic-clonic 99.6%; myoclonic 38.8%; absence 37.2%).

57 sorder or learning difficulty, occurrence of tonic-clonic and non-tonic-clonic seizures in the 3 mont

58 behaviors that were bilateral or unilateral tonic-clonic and nonconvulsive in this model.

59 f patients with different focal to bilateral tonic-clonic seizure histories.

60 y 2, she experienced a witnessed generalized tonic-clonic seizure.

61 seizures, and 1 had 4 witnessed generalized tonic-clonic seizures and approximately 30 suspected gen

62 Focal to bilateral tonic-clonic seizures are associated with lower quality

63 The difference in occurrence of generalized tonic-clonic seizures between groups was 0.3% (95% CI =

64 of age, and all homozygotes exhibited lethal tonic-clonic seizures by mid-third week.

65 istration, decreased spontaneous generalized tonic-clonic seizures in a model of temporal lobe epilep

66 fficulty, occurrence of tonic-clonic and non-tonic-clonic seizures in the 3 months before pregnancy,

67 al impaired awareness, or focal to bilateral tonic-clonic seizures) from baseline analysed in the mod

68 ith positive histories of focal to bilateral tonic-clonic seizures, including both remote (none for >

69 Wildtypes developed severe tonic-clonic seizures, whereas knockouts had mild seizur

70 e of life and overt myoclonic or generalised tonic-clonic seizures.

71 tensely active during periods of generalized tonic-clonic seizures.

72 myoclonic seizures and relatively infrequent tonic-clonic seizures.

73 c seizures and to pentylenetetrazole induced tonic-clonic seizures.

74 s and approximately 30 suspected generalized tonic-clonic seizures.

75 and effective control of focal to bilateral tonic-clonic seizures.

76 These include the tonic-clonic transition, slow advance of clinical semiol

77 ic, tonic, clonic, tonic-atonic, generalised tonic-clonic, and focal with clearly observable motor si

78 Neocortical and entorhinal networks show tonic-clonic-like events, but the main hippocampal terri

79 While receiving tonic cold pain, 20 healthy participants performed three

80 Tonic conductance through glycine receptors of cerebella

81 ued seizure-induced anxiety by restoring the tonic control of the eCB signaling over glutamatergic tr

82 ta power as a biomarker of spontaneous pain: Tonic (conventional), amplitude modulation, pulse width

83 Also, the potentiation of the GlyR-mediated tonic current by ethanol suggests that they modulate the

84 n models was dependent upon the magnitude of tonic current generated at depolarized membrane potentia

85 GABA-mediated tonic current was enhanced by dopamine or the D1 agonist

86 activation induced a sustained elevation in tonic current, which was blocked by PKA and PKC inhibiti

87 o prevented the effects of mPR activation on tonic current.

88 delta subunits mediate diffusional IPSCs and tonic current.

89 ed higher Gabrd transcript levels and larger tonic currents in the VTA of females compared to males.

90 In Glra2(-/Y) animals, GlyR tonic currents were preserved; however, the amplitudes o

91 these cells respond to NMDA application with tonic currents, and that both electrical and optogenetic

92 n, PV+ INs expressed robust glycine-mediated tonic currents; however, we found no evidence for tonic

93 Increased tonic DA amplifies the tendency to execute learned tics

94 highly adaptable and shows great promise for tonic DA detection with high spatial and temporal resolu

95 ffectively treat TS decrease both phasic and tonic DA, thereby also reducing the propensity for both

96 The spontaneous tonic discharge activity of nigral dopamine neurons play

97 Here we show that tonic disinhibition of left motor cortex during prism ad

98 aracterized the specific roles of phasic and tonic dopamine (DA) in action learning and selection, re

99 ntradictory to the prediction that increased tonic dopamine amplifies reward expectation.

100 fect striatal neurons with D1 receptors, and tonic dopamine signals are believed to mostly affect str

101 e D1 and D2 signaling pathways to phasic and tonic dopamine signals, respectively.

102 and D2 receptors both respond to phasic and tonic dopamine signals.

103 dependent glutamate release was regulated by tonic eCB signaling in PE animals.

104 two-way model to understand Nrf2 function: a tonic effect through a Keap1-independent mechanism under

105 are assigned to two groups: one mediates the tonic effects evoked by a low level of Nrf2 at basal con

106 onociceptive behavioral effect, suggesting a tonic endogenous oxytocin release during inflammatory no

107 that a tonic and mutual interaction process (tonic entrainment) between firing and nonfiring cells sl

108 Below this threshold urethral flow evoked tonic EUS activity, indicative of the guarding reflex, t

109 perties are unchanged between LTS bursts and tonic firing and, as a result, distance-dependent dendri

110 e with increased PC show increased burst and tonic firing as well as synaptic adaptations in excitato

111 eased A-type currents through Shaker support tonic firing during sleep(5).

112 t mutation did not significantly alter basal tonic firing in Purkinje cells, but reduced excitability

113 Although tonic firing is similar in these subpopulations, we find

114 Here, we show that the tonic firing rate of ChIs in NAc shell is reduced in chr

115 on of Na(V) channel density, switches normal tonic firing to abnormal burst firing, reduces mitochond

116 ion of KCNQ channels; IS VIP-INs switched to tonic firing with both pharmacologic blockade of M-curre

117 zed by membrane depolarization and wake-like tonic firing, and OFF periods, characterized by membrane

118 (+) release, but unexpectedly enhanced their tonic firing, as water resorption by supporting cells re

119 r, as well as the prevalence of burst versus tonic firing.

120 In the tonic-firing inhibitory lamina II interneurons, glutamat

121 has been used as an herbal brain tonic for mental disorders and enhancing memory, but no

122 ncluding cerebellar granule cells, exhibit a tonic GABA current mediated by extrasynaptic GABA(A) rec

123 Whereas tonic GABA increased the excitability at P4, leading to

124 show that activation of BLA Y(2)Rs decreases tonic GABA release onto BLA principal neurons, probably

125 erlying mechanism involves membrane-shunting tonic GABA(A) receptor current; it does not have to rely

126 currents; however, we found no evidence for tonic GABAergic currents.

127 early parkinsonism, GATs are downregulated, tonic GABAergic inhibition of DA release augmented, and

128 ippocampal neurons 12 facilitated phasic and tonic GABAergic inhibition, and in vivo studies revealed

129 synaptic activation of alpha1-A(R)s augments tonic GluD1(R)-channel current.

130 We hypothesized that tonic glutamate signaling in the neonatal cortex contrib

131 loping cortical interneurons, and manipulate tonic glutamate signaling using subtype-specific NMDA re

132 Synaptically released glycine also enhanced tonic glycinergic currents and resulted in decreased par

133 sing interneurons, showing that synaptic and tonic glycinergic currents dominate, blocking neuronal o

134 ronal or glial glycine transporters enhances tonic glycinergic currents, and these manipulations redu

135 taining receptors underlie both synaptic and tonic glycinergic currents.

136 tractus solitarius and caudal VLM) unmasked tonic glycinergic inhibition in the RVLM.

137 us and/or disinhibition of the CVLM unmasked tonic glycinergic inhibition of the RVLM.

138 Together these data suggest both phasic and tonic glycinergic inhibition regulate the output of PV+

139 Next, we clarified the role of tonic GlyR conductance in neuronal signalling generated

140 pha3 subunit (Glra3(-/-)) revealed a lack of tonic GlyR currents in the striatum and the PFC.

141 Here, we examined whether Drosophila tonic Ib and phasic Is motoneurons display competitive o

142 These findings indicate that tonic Ib and phasic Is motoneurons respond independently

143 ptic interactions following manipulations of tonic Ib or phasic Is glutamatergic motoneurons that coi

144 ic, and rate relaxation, i.e., a decrease in tonic IFR when a muscle is held at a constant length aft

145 Finally, our data demonstrate that this tonic IL-12 production requires TLR-MyD88 signaling inde

146 Duration of tonic immobility and heterophil/lymphocyte (H/L) ratios

147 On further oxygen desaturation, a tonic increase in stellate ganglion activity and blood p

148 tical inhibition) the iS1 at rest and during tonic index finger voluntary activity.

149 t analgesia both in neuropathic and in acute/tonic inflammatory pain models.

150 In sum, although tonic inflammatory signaling is required for adequate ex

151 The concept of tonic inhibition after stroke should be re-evaluated in

152 armacological blockage of GAT3 can normalize tonic inhibition and intrinsic excitability in CA1 pyram

153 one treatment also accelerates maturation of tonic inhibition and performance in a frontal-cortex-dep

154 th K(ATP) channels but they are under strong tonic inhibition at low glucose, explaining why alpha-ce

155 under resting conditions due to significant, tonic inhibition by gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA).

156 Recent data show that DA release is under tonic inhibition by striatal GABA.

157 ia postsynaptic GABA(B)Rs; and (2) that this tonic inhibition can be interrupted by neuromodulation,

158 ally detailed neuron models, we predict that tonic inhibition can differentially modulate the excitab

159 ) facilitates channel opening by relieving a tonic inhibition exerted by the CNBD.

160 The post-junctional cell(s) mediating tonic inhibition have not been elucidated.

161 ences hippocampal excitability by modulating tonic inhibition in dentate gyrus granule cells, in a pr

162 r study reports a novel phenotype of reduced tonic inhibition in hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons in

163 and delta subunits is a major contributor to tonic inhibition in several brain regions.

164 stigated the post-junctional cells mediating tonic inhibition in the proximal colon and whether tonic

165 Our results suggest that tonic inhibition in the proximal colon occurs through su

166 Surprisingly, tonic inhibition increased the responsiveness (or gain)

167 level of GABA receptors, such a reduction in tonic inhibition is likely a result of decreased ambient

168 We report here that tonic inhibition is significantly reduced in pyramidal n

169 lyRs of CGCs deliver a significant amount of tonic inhibition not continuously, but when the cerebell

170 otransmitter release, and astrocyte-mediated tonic inhibition of CA1 pyramidal neurons.

171 rthermore, these data reveal that there is a tonic inhibition of DA release by striatal GABA operatin

172 LSNA) responses were associated with reduced tonic inhibition of LSNA by neuropeptide Y (NPY) in the

173 f sex differences are mediated by changes in tonic inhibition of SNA by neuropeptide Y (NPY) in the p

174 The first consists of tonic inhibition of SR by intracellular glycine observed

175 onal excitability and tactile acuity through tonic inhibition of thalamic neurons.

176 at such disruption in the striatum-modulated tonic inhibition of the thalamus from the globus pallidu

177 This induces a tonic inhibition of transmission at direct pathway synap

178 ors and reveal that striatal GABA operates a tonic inhibition on DA output that could critically infl

179 ously, suggesting that NPY neurons may drive tonic inhibition onto postsynaptic targets.

180 Furthermore, tonic inhibition produced two biophysical changes in mod

181 inhibition in the proximal colon and whether tonic inhibition results from suppression of the activit

182 to extrasynaptic GABA(A) receptors generates tonic inhibition that acts as a powerful modulator of co

183 ulation of anxiety while the alpha5-GABA(A)R tonic inhibition via this subunit may control spatial le

184 Persistent, tonic inhibition was identified in liver-related PVN neu

185 antagonist," the sustained effects of NAS on tonic inhibition were not.

186 n RTT mice, a particular mode of inhibition, tonic inhibition, has not been carefully examined.

187 (A) receptors (delta-GABA(A)Rs) that mediate tonic inhibition, or synaptic gamma2-containing GABA(A)R

188 and non-synaptic sites to mediate phasic and tonic inhibition, respectively.

189 dopaminergic neuronal firing under aberrant tonic inhibition, which is attributed to excessive astro

190 pies mostly extrasynaptic sites and mediates tonic inhibition.

191 nhibitory motor neurons, a behavior known as tonic inhibition.

192 tivity and had no acute effects on phasic or tonic inhibition.

193 hed the effects of sustained NAS exposure on tonic inhibition.

194 receptor stoichiometries underlie phasic and tonic inhibition.

195 nalgesia were facilitated, consistent with a tonic inhibitory action of GPR88 on uOR signaling.

196 in of CA1 pyramidal cells, where it mediates tonic inhibitory conductance and may cause functional de

197 ated PVN neurons; although, the magnitude of tonic inhibitory control was not different between lean

198 lation may have the potential to reestablish tonic inhibitory networks and thus suppress tinnitus.

199 These data suggest a tonic inhibitory role for Gpr116 in the regulation of V-

200 cells (CGCs), where they deliver exclusively tonic inhibitory signals.

201 First, tonic input strength determines which one of the two SPN

202 NMDA receptors in vivo during the period of tonic interneuron activation, but not later, leads to la

203 ively active under basal conditions carrying tonic inward current and synaptic activation of alpha1-A

204 ased PN excitability through inhibition of a tonic, inwardly rectifying potassium current (K(IR) ).

205 We measured physiological tremor during tonic, isometric plantarflexion torque at 30% of maximum

206 KEY POINTS: In tonic, isometric, plantarflexion contractions, physiolog

207 trial-to-trial retrieval data, we show that tonic lapses in attention in the moment before rememberi

208 he functional distinction between phasic and tonic LC activity argues that these parameters are criti

209 fy neural substrates downstream of increased tonic LC-NE activity in mice.

210 res with the maintenance of optimal baseline tonic levels of alpha and the phasic modulation of alpha

211 m, and the adaptive immune system, parlaying tonic microbial stimulation into signals critical for mu

212 ard local and systemic immunity by providing tonic microbial stimulation that can functionally replac

213 ent temporal patterns of activity, including tonic mode and burst mode, to transmit sensory informati

214 rast, T-type channels are inactivated during tonic mode and do not contribute to spiking.

215 esults suggest a new subdimension within the tonic mode in which brain state can optimize thalamic se

216 ior insula features of early dystonia, early tonic motor features, and sensorimotor aura.

217 We discuss insights on (tonic) mTOR signaling in the context of T cell function

218 er minutes, and this regulation was gated by tonic nanomolar dopamine.

219 rats moved from one environment to another, tonic neuron ensemble activity exhibited prospective inf

220 s action requires simultaneous withdrawal of tonic neuropeptide Y (NPY) sympathoinhibition.

221 AD1-eGFP reporter mice) exhibit a transient, tonic NMDA current at the end of the first postnatal wee

222 Conversely, tonic optogenetic inhibition of BF-PV neurons partially

223 Here we report that tonic optogenetic manipulation of an ascending arousal s

224 tatic response to sleep deprivation, whereas tonic optogenetic stimulation at a rate similar to basel

225 Independent discharges of dopamine neurons (tonic or pacemaker firing) determine the motivation to r

226 nt intracellular signalling, such as through tonic or sustained signalling after ligand engagement.

227 4,165) concentrations, but did not stimulate tonic, or phasic, pyloric pressures, compared with the c

228 ulting in escape and avoidance learning) and tonic pain (to enforce recuperation by punishing movemen

229 euromodulation, we first combined tDCS and a tonic pain model with concurrent arterial spin labelling

230 ecreasing pain responses in formalin-induced tonic pain, in capsaicin-induced neurogenic pain, and no

231 n to eye position and velocity, displaying a tonic-phasic firing pattern for different types of eye m

232 also required for eliciting prolactin-evoked tonic plateau potentials in these neurons that are part

233 GABA(A) alpha5 receptor antagonist, reduces tonic post-ischaemic inhibition of the peri-infarct cort

234 onstant stimulation in the form of trains of tonic pulses (TPs).

235 When fast auditory fiber activity is lost, tonic PV(+) interneuron activity is diminished, resultin

236 Thus, tonic PVN NPY inhibition of LSNA may be lost in obese ma

237 d with distinct cognitive states: changes in tonic rates of firing are correlated with global levels

238 ts modulation, and its potential role in the tonic regulation of surrounding brain cells.

239 Cs) play critical roles in the stability and tonic regulation of vascular homeostasis.

240 e multiple-site involvement and quantitative tonic relationship could reinforce the prediction of car

241 s suggest that Syt1 mediates both phasic and tonic release at photoreceptor synapses, revealing unexp

242 We conclude that the enhanced tonic release of d-serine from astrocytes after TBI unde

243 l synapse adapted for the regulated fast and tonic release of neurotransmitter.

244 sic release due to dopamine neuron firing to tonic release responsible for long-term DA concentration

245 (LGN), where they are processed in burst or tonic response mode.

246 inogeniculate communication during burst and tonic response modes.

247 ues, both locally and systemically, requires tonic sensing of microbes and complex feedback loops bet

248 ribe the mechanisms involved and highlight a tonic SFK-mediated signalling that precedes pathogen enc

249 eased our understanding of how the amount of tonic signal impacts immune function, describing novel t

250 macrophages) are an important source of this tonic signal.

251 Also, tonic signaling and clonal expansion, two important func

252 However, expansion also induced tonic signaling and reduced network plasticity, which we

253 These CCR-gammadeltaT cells did not exhibit tonic signaling but were efficiently activated and mount

254 and the functional relevance of the observed tonic signaling heterogeneity remain open questions toda

255 e on the CAR construct, a variable extent of tonic signaling in CAR T cells was reported; thus, effec

256 We hypothesized that tonic signaling influences early T(FH) cell development.

257 BCR-mediated tonic signaling is an indispensable requirement for the

258 nd B cells, suggesting that the CAR-mediated tonic signaling mimics autorecognition via the newly rec

259 was reported; thus, effects of CAR-mediated tonic signaling on the hematopoiesis of CAR-armed HSCs i

260 e strengths of tonic signaling, revealed low tonic signaling promotes T(FH) cell differentiation.

261 establishing an inverse relationship between tonic signaling strength and T(FH) cell development.

262 also generated to both increase and decrease tonic signaling strength, directly establishing an inver

263 ignaling CAR inducing a solid Ag-independent tonic signaling termed CAR-28/zeta and 2) a nonstimulati

264 , constitutive signaling in the basal state (tonic signaling).

265 explain how SYK maintains ligand-independent tonic signaling, important for B-cell development and su

266 p110 heterodimeric PI3K, thereby abating BCR tonic signaling, resulting in their extremely short life

267 ecules but experience disparate strengths of tonic signaling, revealed low tonic signaling promotes T

268 To assess the effects of tonic signaling, two CAR constructs were established and

269 ward and toward a molecular understanding of tonic signaling.

270 for self, which in turn generates a range of tonic signaling.

271 ut the mechanistic and functional details of tonic signaling.

272 As an example, we found that tonic signalling by the programmed cell death-1 receptor

273 We also show in mouse models that tonic signalling leads to superior morphogenetic activit

274 Tonic signalling via syndecan binding may also enhance t

275 trigger sustained low-intensity signalling (tonic signalling) and reduce the desensitization of grow

276 Our lab recently uncovered that "tonic signals", which pass through proximal TCR signalin

277 h muscle of anococcygeus (ASM) vs. the truly tonic smooth muscle of IAS.

278 erformed backward locomotion, which required tonic somatosensory input in the form of perineal stimul

279 Tonic spikes have similar somatic half-widths to late bu

280 Tonic spikes with LC stimulation carried three times the

281 n carried three times the information as did tonic spikes without LC stimulation.

282 es GP activity, followed by vagal bursts and tonic stellate ganglion firing.

283 ation driven by CD4(+) T cells responsive to tonic stimulation by commensal C. albicans improves host

284 Neither phasic nor tonic stimulation of dopaminergic VTA-PFC projections el

285 ite outgrowth, confirming the role of M1R in tonic suppression of axonal plasticity.

286 When H(2)S overproduction is corrected, the tonic suppression of Complex IV is lifted, and mitochond

287 The resulting tonic suppression of synaptic release probability deviat

288 SNA) responses to hypoxia and contributes to tonic sympathetic and respiratory drives.

289 of the carotid chemoreceptor contribution to tonic sympathetic nervous system activity and respirator

290 dorsiflexors in the absence and presence of tonic synaptic inhibition delivered to tibialis anterior

291 We have previously shown that the resulting tonic TCR signaling also influences their fate upon acti

292 Our findings elucidate a central role for tonic TCR signaling in early T(FH) cell-lineage decision

293 in the periphery is critically dependent on tonic TCR signaling through peptide + MHC class I (MHCI)

294 tical aspect of the TCR has been overlooked: tonic TCR signaling.

295 memory compartment by negatively regulating tonic TCR triggering in response to weak agonists.

296 In contrast, during tonic TLR4 signaling, WT cells did not undergo necroptos

297 Models were validated using data from the TONIC (Treatment of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in

298 l pupillary constriction to darkness, benign tonic upgaze of infancy, congenital fibrosis syndrome, a

299 odent evidence suggests that slow changes in tonic VTA activity and associated accumbal dopamine rele

300 Tonic, Y(2)R-sensitive GABA(B)R currents unexpectedly pe