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1 [3], mesocosms whose interior conditions are unnatural [4], and long-term correlation studies based o
3 the apparent free energy of partitioning of unnatural aliphatic amino acids on TM segments is propor
4 nthesis of a variety of types of natural and unnatural alpha-amino acid derivatives, with a wide rang
10 aviolet irradiation of a photo-crosslinkable unnatural amino acid (UAA) cotranslationally incorporate
11 monstrate the application of a photoreactive unnatural amino acid (UAA) crosslinking system to captur
14 echnology to site-specifically introduce the unnatural amino acid (UAA) p-azido-l-phenylalanine (azF)
15 (AMPA)-type iGluRs using genetically encoded unnatural amino acid (UAA) photocross-linkers, p-benzoyl
16 onal aaRS to distinguish between a favorable unnatural amino acid (unAA) substrate from unfavorable n
17 ne WALP24 peptide labeled with the semirigid unnatural amino acid 4-(3,3,5,5-tetra-methyl-2,6-dioxo-4
18 vancing existing protocols, we introduced an unnatural amino acid and subsequently mineral-interactin
19 CR1 (1-350) containing Mn(2+) chelated to an unnatural amino acid assists in the characterization of
20 2 substrate library, which also included the unnatural amino acid cyclohexylalanine (Cha) derivative
21 n of 3-, 4-, 5-, and 6-membered heterocyclic unnatural amino acid derivatives by exploiting facile Ma
22 nt immunosensor designed by incorporating an unnatural amino acid fluorophore into the binding site o
23 strong polarity and high hydrophobicity, the unnatural amino acid forms specific and strong interacti
25 arnessing proximity-enabled reactivity of an unnatural amino acid incorporated in the bait toward a t
27 ns and highlight the exceptional capacity of unnatural amino acid incorporation for increasing our un
28 don suppression and related technologies for unnatural amino acid incorporation has greatly expanded
29 nstituted in vitro translation, quantitative unnatural amino acid incorporation via AUG codon reassig
30 heterogeneity in GCK using a combination of unnatural amino acid incorporation, time-resolved fluore
32 Escherichia coli MS methods verify that the unnatural amino acid is only incorporated at one positio
33 Specifically, we create the pY protein by unnatural amino acid misincorporation, mutagenize a univ
36 ereoselective route to a masked form of this unnatural amino acid now enabled the synthesis of two of
37 For these studies, we have incorporated the unnatural amino acid p-acetyl-L-phenylalanine for specif
42 not be feasible to separate the full-length unnatural amino acid protein from the truncated form.
43 mination of a chiral center derived from the unnatural amino acid R-alpha-methylcysteine makes the mo
46 This Perspective highlights the diversity of unnatural amino acid structures found in hit-to-lead and
47 ombination of self-labeling protein tags and unnatural amino acid technology permits the semisynthesi
51 arget protein contains a genetically encoded unnatural amino acid with bioorthogonal reactivity and t
52 ara-pentafluorosulfanyl phenylalanine, is an unnatural amino acid with extreme physicochemical proper
53 polymerase variant containing a fluorescent unnatural amino acid, (7-hydroxy-4-coumarin-yl) ethylgly
54 anted to report the utility of an unexplored unnatural amino acid, isothiocyanyl alanine ((NCS)Ala =
55 movement by incorporating tryptophan and the unnatural amino acid, p-cyanophenylalanine into Glt(Ph)
60 Two stabilized derivatives incorporating unnatural amino acids ((68)Ga-SH01078 and (68)Ga-P03034)
62 nsporter protein to encode photocrosslinking unnatural amino acids (UAAs) into 75 different positions
63 rm is reported that enables incorporation of unnatural amino acids (UAAs) into specific sites on the
64 fted toward site-specific modification using unnatural amino acids and engineered site-selective amin
65 plants or synthetic chemistry can introduce unnatural amino acids and non-peptidic constraints that
66 plied to the diastereoselective synthesis of unnatural amino acids and the late-stage derivatization
67 allows for straightforward incorporation of unnatural amino acids and the preparation of peptides ma
68 on the in vivo incorporation of fluorescent unnatural amino acids and their analysis by steady-state
70 thyl-14- O-methylmorphinans with natural and unnatural amino acids and three dipeptides at position 6
74 r demonstrate that IQF substrates containing unnatural amino acids can be used to investigate proteas
75 sical properties of three of the fluorescent unnatural amino acids from two classes were also studied
76 ally-encoded, site-specific incorporation of unnatural amino acids in regions essential for activatio
81 bles efficient, homogeneous incorporation of unnatural amino acids into target proteins in diverse ma
82 e basis for ion selectivity by incorporating unnatural amino acids into the channel, engineering chan
83 urements, because efficient incorporation of unnatural amino acids is limited to transient expression
86 o acids are transformed to twenty-one chiral unnatural amino acids representing seven distinct functi
87 achieved using peptide libraries containing unnatural amino acids such as the hybrid combinatorial s
91 y relationship for binding using a series of unnatural amino acids with different lengths of hydropho
94 the amino acid sequence, the introduction of unnatural amino acids, and labeling with stable isotopes
95 oto-cross-linking studies with site-specific unnatural amino acids, and species-specific activity of
96 or labeling through genetic incorporation of unnatural amino acids, lanthanide resonance energy trans
97 Ita), for the synthesis of another class of unnatural amino acids, thioureayl alanines ((TU)Ala = Tu
98 s-linking experiments with photo-activatable unnatural amino acids, we show that full-length BACE1, i
106 , we used reconstituted 26S proteasomes with unnatural amino-acid-attached fluorophores in a series o
108 e triphosphates enforces initiation with the unnatural analogue, yielding 5'-end modified transcripts
109 elective mutasynthesis lead to production of unnatural analogues cahuitamycins D and E of increased p
110 ng material to provide hinduchelins A-D (and unnatural analogues) in only four steps and 5-15% overal
111 s in turn enables ready access to a range of unnatural analogues, among which several compounds showe
112 tion; to study enzyme function with natural, unnatural and CF(2)-labelled post-translationally modifi
115 for all-cause mortality and for an array of unnatural and natural causes of death among patients rec
116 ray dried betanin samples were described as 'unnatural' and 'artificial' whereas the colour of beetro
117 rent unnatural codons and tRNAs with cognate unnatural anticodons, and their efficient decoding at th
120 that replicate unnatural base pairs (UBPs), unnatural backbones, tags, or other evolutionarily novel
121 g., helices, sheets) have been produced from unnatural backbones, yet examples of tertiary folds comb
124 two synthetic nucleotides that form a third, unnatural base pair (UBP) have recently yielded three pr
125 semisynthetic organism (SSO) that retains an unnatural base pair (UBP) in its DNA, transcribes it int
128 mation requires in vivo transcription of the unnatural base pair into mRNA and tRNA, aminoacylation o
131 increased information, we have developed the unnatural base pairs (UBPs) dNaM and d5SICS or dTPT3 (dN
133 ineering to identify variants that replicate unnatural base pairs (UBPs), unnatural backbones, tags,
135 the creation of artificial extra base pairs (unnatural base pairs, UBPs) are opening the door to a ne
136 onents provides the basis to further develop unnatural base-pairs for synthetic biology applications.
137 ini-hairpin DNA provides robust stability to unnatural-base DNA aptamers generated by SELEX using gen
138 ever, this minimal model tends to produce an unnatural behaviour where several smaller aggregates eme
139 l amino acids in place of Asn and introduces unnatural beta-thioether linkages at unactivated positio
141 ows for the direct formation of a variety of unnatural biaryl-containing amino acids in good to excel
143 of the native side chains is displayed on an unnatural building block to generate a heterogeneous bac
144 diversity of chemically plausible (including unnatural but functionally relevant) side chains is not
146 a platform for the production of natural and unnatural cannabinoids that will allow for more rigorous
147 has always been a challenge, especially for unnatural carbohydrate motifs which do not have C2 subst
150 of child, sibling or spouse, and loss due to unnatural cause were analyzed separately (P for trend or
151 el factors for all-cause, natural-cause, and unnatural-cause mortality in those with severe mental il
152 el factors for all-cause, natural-cause, and unnatural-cause mortality in those with severe mental il
153 and sub-hazard ratios for natural-cause and unnatural-cause mortality were lower in most ethnic mino
154 30]), natural causes (3.00 [2.69-3.36]), and unnatural causes (2.10 [1.27-3.49]), compared with no hi
155 icides (7.65, 95% CI 6.43-9.04), non-suicide unnatural causes (4.01, 3.34-4.78), respiratory disease
156 causes (diseases and medical conditions) or unnatural causes (suicides, accidents, and homicides).
160 al causes; MRR, 2.61 [95% CI, 1.91-3.47] for unnatural causes) than among the general population.
161 sorders were due to natural causes, 17.5% to unnatural causes, and the remainder to other or unknown
162 -risk group (5.5% compared with 2.5%) due to unnatural causes, with a nearly 8-year difference in the
164 e propose that the cGAS-STING pathway senses unnatural cell fusion through micronuclei formation as a
166 3 cells, we show that a variety of different unnatural codon-anticodon pairs can efficiently mediate
167 anscribes it into mRNA and tRNA with cognate unnatural codons and anticodons, and after the tRNA is c
168 dNaM and dTPT3 into mRNAs with two different unnatural codons and tRNAs with cognate unnatural antico
169 examine the performance of a wide variety of unnatural codons, both in vitro and in the in vivo envir
174 g chlorine-bearing stereogenic centers with 'unnatural' configurations, with the yeast 80S ribosome,
175 , an alpha-helix, a loop) is replaced by its unnatural counterpart, with the expectation that the res
177 termine this key interaction, we designed an unnatural d-amino acid dipeptide that is metabolically i
178 ying a potential primary PBP responsible for unnatural D-amino acid incorporation and gaining insight
179 omprehensively establish the tolerability of unnatural D-amino acids by PBPs in both Gram-positive an
180 s that govern the metabolic incorporation of unnatural D-amino acids into bacterial peptidoglycan.
182 this study, we aimed to examine the risk of unnatural death (ie, death from external causes such as
184 ed to account for some of the excess risk of unnatural death among people with dual-harm histories, b
185 selected cases of natural and non-suspicious unnatural death referred to Her Majesty's (HM) Coroners.
187 X-ray diffraction structure of one of these unnatural derivatives complexed to an anti-MUC1 monoclon
188 his synthetic approach also allows access to unnatural derivatives of the natural product, which woul
190 he stereochemistry of the title compound, an unnatural diastereomer, and of a decalin building block
191 ay crystal structure analysis of natural and unnatural diastereomers of polyhalogenated stereohexads.
192 we report the syntheses of both natural and unnatural dibenzylbutane lignans from a common intermedi
196 controlled de novo synthesis of l-NBDNJ (the unnatural enantiomer of the iminosugar drug Miglustat) a
197 al synthesis of both (-)-mitragynine and its unnatural enantiomer, (+)-mitragynine, employing a proli
198 cise asymmetric route to forging natural and unnatural (enantiomeric) C19 and C20 tetracyclic terpeno
200 y and straightforward chemical synthesis of (unnatural) ent-(+)-verticilide provides a compelling arg
201 probe brain function are also limited by the unnatural environment typical brain imaging systems impo
205 , in part for their ability to interact with unnatural forms of DNA created by synthetic biologists.
206 chemical properties of glycans or introduce unnatural functional groups through metabolic labeling a
208 (GlcNAc), N-acetyllactosamine (LacNAc), and unnatural Galalpha(1,4)-GlcNAc and Manbeta(1,4)-GlcNAc a
209 tron-deficient olefins for the generation of unnatural gamma-quaternary amino acids and other valuabl
212 engineering natural polymerases to replicate unnatural genetic polymers is a challenging problem.
216 ial lack of immune suppression, render these unnatural glycopeptides promising candidates for designi
217 hermophilus alpha-glycosidase can react with unnatural glycosides such as 6-azido-6-deoxy-d-glucose/g
218 mma-AApeptides represent a new generation of unnatural helical peptidomimetics, which have similar fo
219 ogical evaluation confirmed that natural and unnatural hinduchelins are weak iron chelators (sideroph
221 st researchers have relied on manipulated or unnatural information as perceptual input, resulting in
222 that such SSOs might be able to retain more unnatural information than their bacterial counterparts.
224 ted as a promising architecture with induced unnatural magnetism, especially at visible frequencies.
227 r type I polyketide synthases (PKSs) to make unnatural metabolites commonly results in attenuated yie
228 le combinations of PIX-protein scaffolds and unnatural metal cofactors to catalyse a wide range of ab
230 side chains are constructed chemically, many unnatural modifications can also be directly introduced
232 priate point in the enzymatic synthesis, the unnatural monosaccharides can be converted into their na
235 ineer novel biosynthetic pathways and hence 'unnatural natural products', with potential to generate
237 icient dipolarophile in THF solution to form unnatural nitroproline esters, a reaction that no enzyme
238 has become a catch-all phrase for almost any unnatural nucleic acid, raising the question: what is XN
239 ification of peptide nucleic acid (PNA) with unnatural nucleobases enables the formation of PNA-RNA t
240 he synthesis of a broad range of natural and unnatural nucleoside triphosphates (dNTPs and xNTPs) usi
241 organism (SSO) that imports the constituent unnatural nucleoside triphosphates and uses them to repl
243 ns and the continuing use and development of unnatural nucleotides, experimentally characterizing all
244 l products were prepared along with numerous unnatural oligomeric congeners to provide rapid access t
246 enantioselectivity observed with these novel unnatural organocatalysts is opposite to that obtained w
248 stabilization of a DNA duplex containing the unnatural P.Z base-pair when an imidazole unit is aligne
250 nting allows the construction of natural and unnatural patterns that yield important insights into hu
252 facilitate the encoded cellular synthesis of unnatural polymers by orthogonal translation systems.
253 report a strategy for directly synthesizing unnatural polymers in cells through free radical photopo
254 redox systems can be exploited to generate "unnatural" polymers in the presence of "host" cells, thu
256 rmations enable a wide diversity of natural, unnatural, posttranslationally modified (methylated, gly
257 t from other related prodigiosin natural and unnatural products and is even more intriguing in the ab
258 imicry of PTMs(3,4), as well as formation of unnatural protein variants with diverse potential functi
260 t may have significance in context of fixing unnatural pyranoside conformation with the help of silyl
261 dent laccase-mediated system representing an unnatural radical defluorination approach is also descri
262 mance of natural protein structures with the unnatural reactivity of transition-metal catalytic cente
266 e used with terpene synthases to produce the unnatural sesquiterpenoid semiochemicals (S)-14,15-dimet
267 osaccharide engineering (MOE) strategy using unnatural sialic acids has recently enabled the visualiz
268 nally, the Imi rings have been equipped with unnatural side chains or with functionalized substituent
269 stem also allows the facile incorporation of unnatural side chains to improve activity and probe the
270 aryl amino acid tert-butyl esters possessing unnatural side chains were also accessed via glycine Sch
272 e of externalization; when spectral cues are unnatural, sounds are perceived as closer to the listene
273 ectrical microstimulation resulted in highly unnatural spatial activation of cortex, whereas optical
276 (TE) domain catalytic bottleneck processing unnatural substrates in the pikromycin (Pik) system, pre
280 e progress to date in design and delivery of unnatural sugars for metabolic labelling of tumour cells
282 Here, we analyze the consequences of this unnatural template linkage on the kinetics and fidelity
283 rse thiolactomycin analogues and prepared an unnatural thiotetroamide C analogue with potentiated bio
285 This generates ssDNA molecules containing an unnatural triazole-linked DNA backbone that is sufficien
287 odactylum tricornutum, imports the requisite unnatural triphosphates from its medium and then uses th
288 e now report the synthesis and evaluation of unnatural triphosphates with their beta,gamma-bridging o
289 east in part limited by the stability of the unnatural triphosphates, which are degraded by cellular
290 nding energies of tyrosine (Tyr) and several unnatural Tyr analogs, to several orthogonal aaRSes deri
291 bserved using site specifically incorporated unnatural tyrosine analogs; however, equilibration betwe
293 urally defined catalytic center with genetic unnatural tyrosine substitution is in the radical contai
300 ementary DNA from natural RNA and a range of unnatural xeno nucleic acid (XNA) template chemistries,