ライフサイエンスコーパス: vaping

1 p (investigator-created neutral videos about vaping).

2 o quit smoking, most continue to smoke while vaping.

3 ds of disinformation related to vaccines and vaping.

4 diopulmonary physiological changes caused by vaping.

5 period followed by 30 minutes of ad libitum vaping.

6 examined this in a model that is relevant to vaping.

7 ked to increased relapse risk compared to no vaping.

8 halted in 2020, including a decline in daily vaping.

9 orts to address the increasing rate of youth vaping.

10 ics and pharmacodynamics of human smoking or vaping.

11 mechanisms for the inhalational toxicity of vaping.

12 y failure, and no chronic history of smoking/vaping.

13 s on the risks, both short and long term, of vaping.

14 lung injury associated with e-cigarettes or vaping.

15 quent frequency and intensity of smoking and vaping.

16 tensity of combustible cigarette smoking and vaping.

17 s variety of forms, including inhalation and vaping.

18 toxic aldehydes in e-cigarette vapors during vaping.

19 he experimental data showed that e-cigarette vaping (3 h/day for 14 days) had no significant effect o

20 (92%) patients with suspected EVALI reported vaping a THC product, making THC containing e-liquids or

21 lly verified 7-day point prevalence nicotine vaping abstinence at week 12.

22 Biochemically verified continuous vaping abstinence for the last 4 weeks of varenicline tr

23 annabis use was not associated with nicotine vaping abstinence.

24 sociations between baseline cannabis use and vaping abstinence.

25 ining products (N = 4) and patients with non-vaping acute lung injury and airway controls (N = 5).

26 Simulated cannabis vaping aerosol was produced by flash evaporation in a 20

27 E-cigarette vaping also caused slower weight gain compared to mice e

28 lung injury associated with e-cigarettes or vaping (also known as E-VALI or VALI) started in March,

29 among all respondents, (2) past-30-day daily vaping among currently vaping youths (vaped all 30 vs 1-

30 edia platforms may increase risk of cannabis vaping among youth.

31 Electronic cigarette use (vaping) among adolescents and young adults is common.

32 that electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use (vaping) among adolescents is associated with the initiat

33 hat extreme scenario, the contributions from vaping amounted to as much as 12 mug m(-3) formaldehyde

34 treating BEAS-2B lung epithelial cells with vaping and non-vaping BALF, LDH release was quantified.

35 stment for baseline frequency of smoking and vaping and other relevant covariates.

36 ts (results pooled grades, n = 94 320) about vaping and other topics.

37 ticipate in a biomarker study based on their vaping and smoking status.

38 ved OSs, and duration and daily frequency of vaping and smoking were gathered using a questionnaire.

39 For both vaping and smoking, Real Cost groups had less positive a

40 g longitudinal associations between nicotine vaping and subsequent initiation of cannabis and other s

41 Our study examined how vaping and vaping behaviors influence the subgingival pl

42 Studies on vaping and vascular endothelial function and the whole-b

43 All vaping and/or smoking groups had higher concentrations o

44 ed with the use of e-cigarettes (also called vaping) and launched a coordinated public health investi

45 tting vaping devices, nicotine solutions for vaping, and flavored solutions.

46 ations, attitudes, and behaviours related to vaping; and exposure to e-cigarette advertising.

47 used most often; perceived risk of nicotine vaping; and perceived ease of getting vaping devices, ni

48 Smoking and vaping are the most common consumption routes with forma

49 Further, the role of vaping as a tool of smoking cessation and tobacco harm r

50 Functional profiling revealed vaping-associated enrichment of pathways related to lipi

51 E-cigarette/vaping-associated lung injury (EVALI) is strongly associ

52 familiar with the imaging manifestations of vaping-associated pulmonary injury, and the possibility

53 lung injury associated with e-cigarettes or vaping at 13 hospitals or outpatient clinics in the inte

54 Compared to persistent vaping at 2 waves, persistent nonuse (relative risk [RR]

55 51) increase in the odds of frequent (vs no) vaping at follow-up after adjustment for baseline freque

56 Of the 222 participants vaping at least monthly, 199 (89.6%) had used e-cigarett

57 roups (combined) had lower susceptibility to vaping at visit 4 than those in the control group (b = -

58 In this randomized clinical trial of vaping awareness social media ads, AI-generated, youth-c

59 ads received better ratings for discouraging vaping (b = 0.09; 95% CI, 0.01 to 0.17), attention-grabb

60 eal Cost groups had less positive attitudes (vaping: b = -0.27; 95% CI, -0.40 to -0.14; smoking: b =

61 2B lung epithelial cells with vaping and non-vaping BALF, LDH release was quantified.

62 adults attempting to reduce or stop nicotine vaping, baseline cannabis use was not associated with ni

63 Our study examined how vaping and vaping behaviors influence the subgingival plaque microb

64 ristics, harm perception of tobacco use, and vaping behaviors.

65 ted States, with inhalation (ie, smoking and vaping) being one of the most common routes of consumpti

66 Prevalence of self-reported nicotine vaping; vaping brand and flavor used most often; perceived risk

67 pack-year modeling), revealed that 'current' vaping, but not 'past' smoking, is significantly associa

68 eferred by SGM youth for a social media anti-vaping campaign.

69 (alcohol use, binge drinking, cannabis use, vaping cannabis, and vaping nicotine) and past 2-week me

70 non-Hispanic White peers to report currently vaping CBD (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 1.9; 95% CI, 1.3-

71 of use were more likely to report currently vaping CBD (frequency: AOR, 1.5 [95% CI, 1.1-1.9]; 2-3 y

72 ce the harmful health outcomes possible with vaping CBD among developing youths.

73 1.2% (95% CI, 1.0%-1.5%) reported currently vaping CBD and 2.3% (95% CI, 2.1%-2.6%) reported that th

74 gh school students, the prevalence of youths vaping CBD was high, particularly among e-cigarette user

75 ted to estimate the association of currently vaping CBD with demographic factors and e-cigarette and

76 erosexual) youths were more likely to report vaping CBD, while those who perceived tobacco as dangero

77 95% CI, 0.3-0.6) had lower odds of reporting vaping CBD.

78 s not significantly associated with nicotine vaping cessation (eg, 4 to 7 d/wk use vs no use: adjuste

79 sage intervention was effective in promoting vaping cessation among YAs.

80 thin 1-2 weeks of initial presentation after vaping cessation and administration of systemic corticos

81 He was counseled extensively on vaping cessation and reported complete resolution of sym

82 s, there are few, if any, empirically tested vaping cessation interventions available.

83 among teens, there are no empirically tested vaping cessation interventions.

84 message intervention increased self-reported vaping cessation rates among adolescents recruited via s

85 s not known if cannabis use affects nicotine vaping cessation success.

86 y counseling, and referral to text messaging vaping cessation support (This is Quitting [TIQ]) (n = 8

87 omated, interactive text message program for vaping cessation that delivers cognitive and behavioral

88 , a fully automated text message program for vaping cessation that delivers social support and cognit

89 the 261 participants randomized to nicotine vaping cessation treatment (mean [SD] age, 21.5 [2.0] ye

90 Additionally, data show surfactant lipid-vaping chemical interactions and suggest significant tra

91 ractions and suggest significant transfer of vaping chemicals to the experimental subphase, indicatin

92 sment of the long-term risks associated with vaping compared with those of smoking is low.

93 Considering abstinence from both smoking and vaping, compared with matched controls, smokers who vape

94 he 8-h REL in several bars when less intense vaping conditions were considered.

95 very of several new compounds produced under vaping conditions.

96 included depiction or discussion of cannabis vaping content.

97 As prevalence of vaping continues to rise, clinicians should be aware of

98 larly, use of any form of cannabis (smoking, vaping, dabbing, edibles) in the past 30 days was not as

99 Past 30-day cannabis use (smoking, vaping, dabbing, or edibles) and any CUD (>=2 criteria b

100 tempts to quit vaping (yes, no) among youths vaping daily, with weights applied to generate nationall

101 of never-regular-smokers who vaped reported vaping daily; 81.7% (75.4-86.7) had been vaping for 6 mo

102 although the prevalence of current nicotine vaping declined during 2020 to 2024, the youth vaping po

103 %] male), prevalence of past-30-day nicotine vaping declined from 2020 to 2024 (risk ratio [RR], 0.88

104 Emissions from cannabis vaping degrade indoor air quality and expose non-users t

105 vored vaping products may pose a risk toward vaping-dependent behaviors even without the impact of ni

106 rs alone change neurobiology and may promote vaping-dependent behaviors in the absence of nicotine.

107 Y, USA) who had used e-cigarettes or another vaping device in the 30 days before presentation, and wh

108 significantly fewer reported easy access to vaping devices and nicotine solutions compared with 2019

109 As temperatures reached in vaping devices can be equivalent to a laboratory pyrolys

110 efining the associations of e-cigarettes and vaping devices on sleep is critical to furthering our un

111 Gummies, flavored vaping devices, and other cannabis products containing p

112 cotine vaping; and perceived ease of getting vaping devices, nicotine solutions for vaping, and flavo

113 re has been a significant rise in the use of vaping devices, particularly among adolescents, raising

114 Chronic exposure to E-cig vaping did not cause an increase in blood pressure or he

115 In old rats, E-cig vaping did not change heart rate, blood pressure, and ca

116 Thus, chronic vaping disrupts the protease-antiprotease balance by inc

117 dysfunction into adult life, indicating the vaping during pregnancy is not harmless.

118 rs among cigarette smokers (CS), individuals vaping e-cigarettes (e-cigs), and non-smokers (NS).

119 e-cigarettes among populations deterred from vaping e-cigarettes that emit harsh aerosol.

120 Thirty-two CS (group 1), 31 individuals vaping e-cigs (group 2), and 32 NS (group 3) were includ

121 kin (IL)-1beta levels among CS, individuals' vaping e-cigs, and NS.

122 ers (CSs) (group 1), individuals exclusively vaping electronic cigarettes (group 2), and never-smoker

123 work has shown that the atmospheric aging of vaping emissions in indoor environments produces organic

124 ithin the ultrafine particles (UFPs) of aged vaping emissions, which leads to a drastic enhancement o

125 sults were found for the number of puffs per vaping episode for low (adjusted RR, 2.05; 95% CI, 1.41-

126 ng episodes per day, and number of puffs per vaping episode) at the 6-month follow-up.

127 ette smokers were pooled together, number of vaping episodes or cigarettes per day correlated with in

128 ation with a significantly greater number of vaping episodes per day was found with use of low (adjus

129 mber of cigarettes smoked per day, number of vaping episodes per day, and number of puffs per vaping

130 Secondhand vaping exposure is an emerging public health concern tha

131 e review, we discuss the diverse spectrum of vaping exposures, epidemiological and clinical reports,

132 be used to complement traditional methods in vaping exposures.

133 I, 75%-84%) reported they could easily get a vaping flavor other than tobacco or menthol.

134 We subjected C57BL/6 mice to e-cigarette vaping for 2-weeks, and cardiac function was assessed us

135 ted vaping daily; 81.7% (75.4-86.7) had been vaping for 6 months or more.

136 t knowledge, and the overall implications of vaping for respiratory health are poorly understood.

137 seline age = 19.5), 8.1% reported persistent vaping from T to T + 1, 6.2% reported discontinuation (i

138 In the smoking and vaping groups, lower prefrontal reactivity to nicotine v

139 Prevalence of (1) past-30-day nicotine vaping (>=1 vs 0 days) among all respondents, (2) past-3

140 d to help define EVALI pathogenesis and that vaping has disease risks that are disparate from smoking

141 tudy suggest that the prevalence of cannabis vaping has increased among adolescents in the US and Can

142 Degradation of the liquids used in vaping have been identified as a concern due to the pres

143 mplication and carefully solicit a patient's vaping history as a simple denial of "smoking" can be mi

144 exam data, imaging studies, laboratory data, vaping history, and subsequent outpatient follow-up data

145 emale sex, increasing age, obesity, smoking, vaping, hospitalisation with COVID-19, deprivation, and

146 terize trends in the prevalence of marijuana vaping in 2017, 2018, and 2019 among 8th, 10th, and 12th

147 ons that reported the prevalence of cannabis vaping in adolescents in the general population were inc

148 iopulmonary consequences of e-cigarette use (vaping) in adolescents, to guide therapeutic and prevent

149 risk of both occasional and regular nicotine vaping increased from 2019 to 2020.

150 Among current vapers, daily vaping increased more rapidly in rural youths (from 16.4

151 should be mindful that youths with frequent vaping increasingly face unique challenges that may impa

152 implant health was compromised among CS than vaping individuals and NS.

153 rceived OSs were poorer among CSs than among vaping individuals and NSs.

154 evels of proinflammatory cytokines in CS and vaping individuals may suggest greater peri-implant infl

155 ntal parameters and self-perceived OSs among vaping individuals, CSs, and NSs.

156 Conclusions: We conclude that vaping induces nicotine-dependent protease release from

157 The extent to which vaping influences depression is unclear but could be est

158 NIFICANCE STATEMENT The impact of flavors on vaping is a hotly debated topic; however, few investigat

159 Lung injury associated with e-cigarettes or vaping is an emerging illness associated with severe lun

160 equired, as public perception has grown that vaping is not harmful.

161 derstanding of the cause and consequences of vaping is the lack of animal models of nicotine vapor se

162 Electronic cigarette use-vaping-is increasingly popular.

163 Forty-one videos (69%) demonstrated vaping manufacturer-made cannabis products (eg, cannabis

164 Like smoking, the mechanism of injury in vaping may be, at least in part, due to the effects of n

165 These data indicate that vaping may not be safer than tobacco smoking.

166 After vaping, measurable levels of nicotine were detectable in

167 Tailoring anti-vaping messaging for SGM youth may increase the likeliho

168 Efforts to address youth vaping need to consider peer influence and incorporate m

169 We conclude that vaping needs to be studied by multi-disciplinary teams t

170 cohol use, binge drinking, cannabis use, and vaping nicotine or cannabis were each associated with a

171 ipants were aged 16 to 25 years who reported vaping nicotine regularly and did not smoke tobacco.

172 drinking, cannabis use, vaping cannabis, and vaping nicotine) and past 2-week mental health (anxiety

173 he same underlying construct of anti-smoking/vaping norms (Comparative Fit Index = 0.958, Tucker Lewi

174 country to norms (second-order anti-smoking/vaping norms latent variable: standardized factor loadin

175 methods of eliciting adolescent smoking and vaping norms.

176 uring injunctive and descriptive smoking and vaping norms: (1) incentivized experiments, using moneta

177 requent]) and daily intensity of smoking and vaping (number of cigarettes smoked per day, number of v

178 l as increases in perceived risk of nicotine vaping, occurred from 2019 to 2020.

179 95% CI, 18.4%-24.1%) reported any past-month vaping of CBD and 6.3% (95% CI, 4.7%-7.8%) reported that

180 estimates of ever and current (past 30-day) vaping of CBD overall and by e-cigarette use status.

181 models are consistent in demonstrating that vaping of e-cigarettes causes health effects both simila

182 ing, and users are under the impression that vaping of e-cigarettes is harmless, but these claims tha

183 l, and experimental study has shown that the vaping of vitamin E acetate has the potential to produce

184 y of literature investigating the impacts of vaping on respiratory health.

185 the number of reflux events, the effects of vaping on the gastrointestinal tract have not yet been e

186 iomarkers of harm to determine the impact of vaping on the lung.

187 ever, about the potential effects of chronic vaping on the respiratory system.

188 The effect of e-cigarettes (vaping) on proteolysis is unknown.

189 aged 13 to 17 years who were susceptible to vaping or current e-cigarette users, recruited from onli

190 weeks, three (50%) of whom had relapsed with vaping or e-cigarette use.

191 s related to respondent demographics; use of vaping or smoking products; motivations, attitudes, and

192 as associated with a 40% lower likelihood of vaping (OR 0.6, 0.49-0.83).

193 6.6 ], karaoke [OR, 3.08; 95% CI, 1.3-6.9]), vaping (OR, 1.99; 95% CI, 1.1-3.5), and/or secondhand sm

194 e concentration between cigarette smoking or vaping, or during nicotine patch use.

195 ording to any form of cannabis use (smoking, vaping, or edible use) versus nonuse in the past 30 days

196 ct problems, and past-30-day use of nicotine vaping, other tobacco products, cannabis, and alcohol.

197 associations between survey wave and current vaping, overall, and by sociodemographic characteristics

198 After vaping, participants underwent functional neuroimaging a

199 hich could improve the sensory experience of vaping, particularly among never smokers unaccustomed to

200 appeal and improve the sensory experience of vaping, particularly among never smokers.

201 gamma, CCL2, CXCL5, and MMP2 relative to non-vaping patients.

202 d more LDH release compared to BALF from non-vaping patients.

203 on included a 5-minute, 10-puff standardized vaping period followed by 30 minutes of ad libitum vapin

204 ping declined during 2020 to 2024, the youth vaping population may have hardened over this period, ev

205 m of our study is to estimate time trends in vaping prevalence among adults who have never regularly

206 Strategies to lower nicotine vaping prevalence during this period may have resulted i

207 d tobacco-using youths, past-30-day nicotine vaping prevalence either remained stable or reduced more

208 Nicotine vaping prevalence in 2020 was 22% (95% CI, 19%-25%) for

209 nt and former smokers) suggested the rise in vaping prevalence plateaued among all ages by early 2023

210 garettes to examine any spillover effects of vaping prevention advertisements on smoking outcomes.

211 lescents were randomized to 1 of 2 Real Cost vaping prevention trial groups (health harms- or addicti

212 oking status groups, suggesting that smoking/vaping produces differential effects on oral health.

213 unds dominates formation of aldehydes during vaping, producing levels that exceed occupational safety

214 Because youth prevalence of e-cigarette and vaping product use was as high as 27.5% in high school s

215 iteria for confirmed electronic cigarette or vaping product use-associated lung injury (based on prev

216 Background Electronic cigarette or vaping product use-associated lung injury (EVALI) is a s

217 and prevailing challenges in e-cigarette or vaping product use-associated lung injury (EVALI).

218 of, and treatment of electronic cigarette or vaping product use-associated lung injury (EVALI).

219 Electronic cigarette or vaping product use-associated lung injury can cause refr

220 Electronic cigarette or vaping product use-associated lung injury is a clinical

221 pediatric patients, electronic cigarette or vaping product use-associated lung injury is characteriz

222 Electronic cigarette or vaping product use-associated lung injury most frequentl

223 mes of patients with electronic cigarette or vaping product use-associated lung injury who received e

224 pite the severity of electronic cigarette or vaping product use-associated lung injury, the role of e

225 Nicotine was the most commonly used vaping product.

226 more than 1000 new cases of e-cigarette, or vaping, product use associated lung injury (EVALI) have

227 cern in the investigation of e-cigarette, or vaping, product use associated lung injury (EVALI).

228 patients with fatal cases of e-cigarette, or vaping, product use-associated lung injury (EVALI) had b

229 ational outbreak of electronic-cigarette, or vaping, product use-associated lung injury (EVALI) have

230 The recent outbreak of e-cigarette or vaping-product use-associated lung injury (EVALI) is ala

231 Nicotine vaping products (NVPs) and heated tobacco products (HTPs

232 the absence of combustion, e-cigarettes and vaping products are often touted as safer alternative an

233 Reported use of vaping products containing nicotine salts (n = 23) was a

234 cts; approximately 50% of the THC-containing vaping products examined by the Food and Drug Administra

235 here exist in multiple flavor categories of vaping products highlights the fact that a multitude of

236 lights the fact that a multitude of flavored vaping products may pose a risk toward vaping-dependent

237 e long-term implications of e-cigarettes and vaping products on cardiopulmonary health.

238 youth-friendly cannabis edibles and cannabis vaping products were banned.

239 nsmokers, exclusive users of e-cigarettes or vaping products, and exclusive cigarette smokers that wa

240 Decreases in perceived accessibility of some vaping products, as well as increases in perceived risk

241 yriad forms (edibles, smokables, drinkables, vaping products, suppositories) and potencies relies on

242 )) were used for structure identification of vaping products.

243 y injuries associated with using e-cigarette/vaping products.

244 ocolates, candies, and desserts and cannabis vaping products.

245 rocannabinol (THC)-containing e-cigarette or vaping products; approximately 50% of the THC-containing

246 ounding limit inferences whether e-cigarette vaping provides real-world benefits or harms for combust

247 ommon among adolescents, with new risks (ie, vaping, psychoactive substances, and online harms) emerg

248 igh rate of 250 puff day(-1) using a typical vaping regime and popular tank devices with battery volt

249 factors including flavor, nicotine content, vaping regime, and the region of respiratory tree (bronc

250 rious vaporizers, battery power settings and vaping regimes.

251 of nicotine alter brain circuits relevant to vaping-related behavior.

252 at connect chemical flavorants to smoking or vaping-related behaviors.

253 , exposure estimation, and the prediction of vaping-related disease.

254 t of the lung is important for understanding vaping-related exposure and toxicity.

255 Pressingly, many recent vaping-related lung injuries are unexplained by current

256 , and inaccurate perceptions of the harms of vaping relative to smoking are pervasive.

257 Lung injury associated with e-cigarettes or vaping remains a clinical diagnosis with symptoms that o

258 After e-cigarette vaping, resistivity index was higher (0.03 of 1.30 [2.3%

259 ntly vaped (n = 15 226), prevalence of daily vaping rose from 15.4% (95% CI, 13.1%-18.0%) in 2020 to

260 tine product use could have decreased during vaping's popularity if assessment of the long-term risks

261 relevant in bystanders exposed to secondhand vaping scenarios.

262 ics of inhaled e-cig aerosols from simulated vaping scenarios.

263 lung injury associated with e-cigarettes or vaping seen in Intermountain Healthcare, an integrated h

264 oints (0, 5, 10, and 35 minutes) during each vaping session, plasma samples were collected for assess

265 exceeded 2 x 10(6) particles/mL in a 4-puff vaping session.

266 pography data were collected throughout each vaping session.

267 Participants completed up to 9 vaping sessions, starting with their usual e-cigarette b

268 pression data, and biochemical validation of vaping/smoking status by plasma cotinine measurement.

269 Commercial vaping solutions can contain high NIC concentrations of

270 All patients recovered with cessation of vaping, supportive care, and steroid therapy and remaine

271 ernational Tobacco Control Youth Tobacco and Vaping Surveys conducted in 2018, 2019, February 2020, a

272 two months prior to presentation, he started vaping tetrahydrocannabinol and nicotine with recent hea

273 its metabolites in BAL fluid or had reported vaping THC products in the 90 days before the onset of i

274 For electronic cigarette cannabis vaping, there are potential risks of secondary indoor ai

275 Contributions from vaping to air pollutant concentrations in the home did n

276 tural models to examine the association of 4 vaping transitions from time T to T + 1 (persistent use,

277 Increasing US adolescent nicotine vaping trends from 2017 to 2019 halted in 2020, includin

278 epending on age, body mass index, smoking or vaping use, and disease severity (hospitalized or not; s

279 this novel disease was termed e-cigarette or vaping use-associated lung injury (EVALI).

280 Daily nicotine vaping (use on 20 days of the last 30 days) significantl

281 fects were self-reported after 35 minutes of vaping using a visual analog scale; urges and cravings w

282 However, prevalence of long term vaping using disposable devices subsequently rose rapidl

283 Prevalence of self-reported nicotine vaping; vaping brand and flavor used most often; perceiv

284 differ from one another on susceptibility to vaping (visit 4: b = -0.05; 95% CI, -0.17 to 0.07).

285 E-cig vaping was associated with a greater heart weight/BW and

286 Results showed that daily vaping was associated with higher odds of achieving smok

287 rs who used ENDS, neither daily nor nondaily vaping was associated with increased smoking cessation,

288 The integrated health damage from passive vaping was derived by computing disability-adjusted life

289 -RR[95%CI]=2.27[1.41-3.69]), while non-daily vaping was not significantly associated (22.5% vs. 16.3%

290 lung injury associated with e-cigarettes or vaping was thought to be a contributing factor, but not

291 Absolute increases in long term vaping were larger among people with a history of regula

292 n-daily (adjusted-HR[95%CI]=2.82[2.07-4.61]) vaping were linked to increased relapse risk compared to

293 ercentage points lower when odds of nicotine vaping were reduced to be 90% lower in all preceding wav

294 Differences before versus after e-cigarette vaping were tested with Hotelling T(2) test.

295 a case of severe esophagitis associated with vaping, which is the first in the literature to our know

296 there is limited research on associations of vaping with tobacco cessation.

297 the patient must elicit a history of recent vaping within 90 days, other etiologies must be eliminat

298 days), and (3) unsuccessful attempts to quit vaping (yes, no) among youths vaping daily, with weights

299 er minority (SGM) youth are at high risk for vaping, yet few interventions are tailored toward this p

300 (2) past-30-day daily vaping among currently vaping youths (vaped all 30 vs 1-29 days), and (3) unsuc