ライフサイエンスコーパス: vegetal

1 and 27 (15 annotated) enriched mRNAs at the vegetal and animal pole, respectively.

2 hromes are flavoproteins encountered in most vegetal and animal species.

3 prdm1 morphant embryos have enlarged animal-vegetal and anteroposterior embryonic axes.

4 igated embryonic asymmetry along both animal-vegetal and dorsal-ventral axes during early stages of d

5 doderm- and mesoderm-inducing signals to the vegetal and marginal zones of the pre-gastrula Xenopus l

6 during oogenesis ensures its inheritance by vegetal and not animal cells, and directs the differenti

7 t regulates cell fates along both the animal-vegetal and oral-aboral axes of sea urchin embryos.

8 ized orthogonally with respect to the animal/vegetal and oral/aboral axes of the embryo.

9 nd their derivatives, besides to products of vegetal-animal origin, such as honey.

10 ost alkyl substituted pyrazines include mild vegetal aromas, not necessarily undesirable for the cork

11 The primary (animal-vegetal) (AV) and secondary (oral-aboral) (OA) axes of s

12 osed pronuclei align obliquely to the animal-vegetal axis after ICSI, with asymmetric furrows assembl

13 is now evident that patterning in the animal/vegetal axis also needs to be taken into consideration.

14 patterning the mesendoderm along the animal-vegetal axis and indicate that dorsal and ventrolateral

15 mbryo, including establishment of the animal-vegetal axis as it relates to formation of the dorsovent

16 l cell divisions that occur along the animal/vegetal axis beginning early in embryogenesis, but not a

17 avage planes do not coincide with the animal-vegetal axis but rather form approximately 45 degrees of

18 the embryo and away from the initial animal-vegetal axis defined by the starting location of the bla

19 t in beta-catenin stability along the animal-vegetal axis during early cleavage.

20 asymmetries are established along the animal-vegetal axis during oogenesis, but the underlying molecu

21 tral axis of the mesendoderm with the animal/vegetal axis in pregastrula Xenopus.

22 s pathway also acts in patterning the animal-vegetal axis in sea urchins.

23 AP axis is distinct from the initial animal-vegetal axis in zebrafish.

24 patterning because they subdivide the animal-vegetal axis into tiers of cells with different developm

25 In vertebrates, the animal-vegetal axis is determined during oogenesis and at ovula

26 Investigation of the animal-vegetal axis led to discovery of various asymmetrically

27 e animal kingdom establish a primary, animal-vegetal axis maternally, and specify the remaining two a

28 s must be tightly regulated along the animal-vegetal axis of the early sea urchin embryo to allow bet

29 This site marks the animal-vegetal axis of the egg.

30 ssues preferentially divide along the animal-vegetal axis of the embryo.

31 Thus the animal-vegetal axis of the oocyte is aligned to the nuclear axi

32 ectoderm-endoderm boundary along the animal-vegetal axis of the sea urchin embryo remain largely unk

33 nced by its origin in relation to the animal-vegetal axis of the zygote.

34 of the cleavage-stage embryo and the animal-vegetal axis of the zygote.

35 and migrate longitudinally along the animal-vegetal axis only.

36 of developmental potential along the animal-vegetal axis prior to the 8-cell stage.

37 The timing of animal-vegetal axis specification in Lottia is much later than

38 of polar body formation sets up a new animal-vegetal axis that organizes cleavage and the segregation

39 pendent processes operating along the animal-vegetal axis, as evidenced by an expansion of SpNK2.1 ex

40 n of 2- to 4-cell divisions along the animal-vegetal axis, can affect the second step, the establishm

41 is established at right angles to the animal-vegetal axis, in contrast to hemichordates and indirect-

42 derm boundary more animally along the animal-vegetal axis, whereas expression of a dominant negative

43 PK) activation is polarized along the animal/vegetal axis, with the Xnr2-expressing cells in the vege

44 g the eggs 90 degrees relative to the animal-vegetal axis.

45 phere, which ran perpendicular to the animal-vegetal axis.

46 iers of blastomeres arrayed along the animal-vegetal axis.

47 ically distributed proteins along the animal-vegetal axis.

48 pically oblique plane relative to the animal-vegetal axis.

49 nd fruit-in-syrup descriptors and the common vegetal background.

50 hydes and ketones may be responsible for the vegetal background.

51 rtant, both in terms of comprehension of the vegetal biochemistry and as basis for sterolomic studies

52 s made evident by the expression of Sox17 in vegetal blastomeres and Brachyury (Xbra) in marginal bla

53 n, beta-catenin accumulates in the nuclei of vegetal blastomeres and controls endomesoderm specificat

54 Canonical Wnt signaling in vegetal blastomeres and Nodal signaling in presumptive o

55 ipped orthologue expressed very early in all vegetal blastomeres and then gradually shifting to veg(1

56 ion of endogenous VegT and/or Vg1 in ventral vegetal blastomeres can induce a neural fate, but only a

57 t to contribute cells to the retina; ventral vegetal blastomeres do not form retina even when provide

58 The mesendoderm (ME) cells are the two most vegetal blastomeres in the early developing embryo of th

59 lium that undergoes epiboly and in the large vegetal blastomeres that gradually become internalized.

60 ntal defects of chimaeras made from the most vegetal blastomeres that result from later second cleava

61 punctate structures within the cytoplasm of vegetal blastomeres.

62 e, Dsh-GFP is partitioned predominantly into vegetal blastomeres.

63 enotype characterized by cleavage defects in vegetal blastomeres.

64 oderm and mesenchyme, which are derived from vegetal blastomeres.

65 gion of endoderm-specific gene expression in vegetal blastomeres.

66 lpha is an immediate-early target of VegT in vegetal blastomeres.

67 1, is dependent upon the unequal division of vegetal blastomeres.

68 elta is regulated by the unequal division of vegetal blastomeres.

69 s increased bioavailability generated by the vegetal cell disruption and the release of the bioactive

70 chronously with, the vegetal rotation of the vegetal cell mass.

71 his factor suppresses differentiation of all vegetal cell types, a phenotype that is very similar to

72 the region of xCR1 mRNA sufficient to confer vegetal cell-specific repression contained both Pumilio

73 Here, we show that vegetal cell-specific translational repression of xCR1 m

74 In this work, we show that VegT-depleted vegetal cells (prospective endoderm) behave like animal

75 red for the stabilization of beta-catenin in vegetal cells and provide evidence that Dsh undergoes a

76 the endogenous mesoderm inducing activity of vegetal cells before gastrulation; and third, it has sub

77 cient to impair sorting of animal cells from vegetal cells but is not sufficient (at similar doses) t

78 al cells, and directs the differentiation of vegetal cells into endoderm.

79 ns cell non-autonomously in the ventral-most vegetal cells of the gastrula or their derivatives.

80 Functional assays of Mixer-depleted vegetal cells showed that they have increased mesoderm-i

81 These are inherited by the vegetal cells that will enter the germ line.

82 In whole embryos, Xlim5 causes vegetal cells to segregate inappropriately to other germ

83 be the mesoderm-inducing signal released by vegetal cells, but its function in vivo has never been r

84 herited as a maternal mRNA localized only in vegetal cells, VegT activates the transcription of a lar

85 s, Vg1 and Bicaudal-C, are also inherited by vegetal cells, while germ plasm-associated mRNAs, such a

86 e reporter mRNA by repressing translation in vegetal cells.

87 d with polyribosomes in animal cells but not vegetal cells.

88 ling the amount of mesoderm induction by the vegetal cells.

89 We propose that a meiotic-vegetal center couples meiosis and oocyte patterning.

90 o obvious polarization yet, then the meiotic-vegetal center forms at zygotene bouquet stages, when sy

91 n the available plant species and associated vegetal components, members of the Kasekela community se

92 Timing of the vegetal contraction was consistent with the emergence of

93 mRNA caused the release of Vg1 mRNA from the vegetal cortex and a reduction of Vg1 protein, without a

94 ther is not clear, but RNAs localized to the vegetal cortex during oogenesis are known to be essentia

95 or the selective localization of RNAs to the vegetal cortex during oogenesis.

96 required for localization of Vg1 mRNA to the vegetal cortex during the late RNA localization pathway.

97 Both RNAs localize to the vegetal cortex during the same period of oogenesis.

98 RNAs that localize to the vegetal cortex during Xenopus laevis oogenesis have been

99 Xenopus depends on rearrangements of the egg vegetal cortex following fertilization, concomitant with

100 Dnd1 anchors trim36 to the vegetal cortex in the egg, promoting high concentrations

101 directing polarized transport of RNA to the vegetal cortex in Xenopus oocytes.

102 he mechanism of mRNA anchoring to the oocyte vegetal cortex is not understood.

103 Thus, RNA localization to the vegetal cortex may be a regulated process such that diff

104 otrimeric kinesin II becomes enriched at the vegetal cortex of stage III/IV Xenopus oocytes concomita

105 Prrp and Vg1 mRNAs are co-localized to the vegetal cortex of stage IV oocytes, substantiating an in

106 P-tagged Dsh is targeted specifically to the vegetal cortex of the fertilized egg.

107 The localization of VegT mRNA to the vegetal cortex of the oocyte during oogenesis ensures it

108 es mRNA and protein are both detected at the vegetal cortex of the oocyte; however, the protein is de

109 on in the anchoring of localized RNAs at the vegetal cortex of Xenopus laevis oocytes.

110 nd noncoding RNAs in the organization of the vegetal cortex of Xenopus oocytes.

111 LEs) of virtually all mRNAs localized to the vegetal cortex of Xenopus oocytes.

112 Vg1 mRNA determines its localization to the vegetal cortex of Xenopus oocytes.

113 s a unique microtubule network formed in the vegetal cortex shortly after fertilization.

114 The RNA localizes to the vegetal cortex through both the message transport organi

115 crotubule-dependent transport of RNAs to the vegetal cortex underlies germ layer patterning.

116 us laevis, several RNAs that localize to the vegetal cortex via one of three temporally defined pathw

117 Vg1 mRNA, VgRBP71 does not accumulate at the vegetal cortex with the mRNA; rather, it is present in t

118 rtical recruitment and binding of AGS to the vegetal cortex, contributing to formation of micromeres

119 dependent on VegT mRNA for anchoring to the vegetal cortex, indicating a novel function for maternal

120 lation of microtubules with plus ends at the vegetal cortex, supporting roles for these kinesin motor

121 lusively counterclockwise direction past the vegetal cortex.

122 lasm originates, and in later oocytes to the vegetal cortex.

123 t of specific RNA complexes destined for the vegetal cortex.

124 Xenopus oocytes until it is localized to the vegetal cortex.

125 unidirectional transport of RNA towards the vegetal cortex.

126 Dsh) that identifies motifs required for its vegetal cortical localization (VCL).

127 ecular mechanisms governing the formation of vegetal cortical microtubule arrays are not fully unders

128 getally localized maternal RNA essential for vegetal cortical microtubule assembly.

129 pecifically interferes with the formation of vegetal cortical microtubules.

130 regions of the protein that are required for vegetal cortical targeting, including a phospholipid-bin

131 certified sulphur concentrations of various vegetal CRM samples applying linear calibration techniqu

132 enopus oocyte, Vg1 RNA is transported to the vegetal cytoplasm, where localized expression of the enc

133 ty that SpSoxB1 removal is required to allow vegetal development to proceed.

134 ion and that its overexpression can suppress vegetal development.

135 unique opportunity to study mid-Pleistocene vegetal diet and is crucial for understanding subsistenc

136 est that RNA movement in both the animal and vegetal directions may influence the timescale of RNA lo

137 ession that sweeps concentrically across the vegetal domain of the sea urchin embryo.

138 iptors of Malbec wines were aromas of cooked vegetal, earthy, soy and volatile acidity, as well as ac

139 ng of cell fates along the sea urchin animal-vegetal embryonic axis requires the opposing functions o

140 onse to Nodal signals, thus establishing the vegetal endodermal gene expression domain.

141 d the role of Sox17alpha in establishing the vegetal endodermal gene expression domain.

142 In this study, we show that the vegetal endomesoderm expresses lvnumb during the blastul

143 we provide three lines of evidence that two vegetal-enriched maternal factors (VegT, Vg1), which are

144 This study forms the first report of vegetal enrichment of the germ plasm associated protein

145 ryos, pigmented immunocytes are specified in vegetal epithelium, transition to mesenchyme, migrate, a

146 or screening of thiols in plants, using four vegetal examples and beginning with HPLC-MS/MS in precur

147 that the formation of mesoderm cells by the vegetal explants accounts for the apparent autonomous de

148 Previous results with vegetal explants had shown that endodermal differentiati

149 We find that vegetal explants, the source of Nieuwkoop signal in reco

150 Vegetal expression remains around the anus through plute

151 al feedback, and in addition acts to repress vegetal expression.

152 entifying candidates for active compounds in vegetal extracts.

153 Whole embryo experiments suggests that vegetal factors partially compensate for the absence of

154 lear beta-catenin initiates specification of vegetal fates in sea urchin embryos.

155 Suppression of vegetal fates involves interference at the protein-prote

156 uphorbia resin, and possibly egg, wrapped in vegetal fibers, dated to approximately 40,000 BP, may ha

157 We reconstruct the major vegetal foodstuffs, while considering the possibility of

158 Smad1/5 linker region localizes to a ventral vegetal gastrula region that could coordinate DV pattern

159 gene is expressed maternally in an animal to vegetal gradient, and its expression levels decline rapi

160 he animal caps reprogrammed and replaced the vegetal half endomesoderm.

161 d promoter is uniformly activated across the vegetal half of midgastrula-stage embryos.

162 mesoderm tissue specification process in the vegetal half of the early sea urchin embryo using Boolea

163 plasm, initially distributed throughout the vegetal half of the egg cortex, move to the vegetal pole

164 ge-scale movement that encompasses the whole vegetal half of the embryo.

165 activity is uniformly distributed across the vegetal half of the Xenopus blastula and that this activ

166 al differentiation, while the ability of the vegetal half to regulate by forming apical lobe structur

167 If the entire vegetal half was removed at early gastrula, the animal c

168 ulation only after extended contact with the vegetal halves prior to that time.

169 organization started with the contraction of vegetal hemisphere approximately 20 s after the fertiliz

170 cence in Xenopus oocytes was stronger in the vegetal hemisphere because of localization of internal s

171 inductive interaction in which cells of the vegetal hemisphere of the embryo act on overlying equato

172 RNA localized to the mitochondrial cloud and vegetal hemisphere of the oocyte; second, it is required

173 meobox-containing genes are expressed in the vegetal hemisphere of the Xenopus embryo at the early ga

174 the animal hemisphere and extending into the vegetal hemisphere of Xenopus oocytes.

175 vity of a network of regulatory genes in the vegetal hemisphere, called the endomesoderm gene regulat

176 laterally aligned cortical actomyosin in the vegetal hemisphere, which in turn generates the directio

177 ed actin filaments at the cell cortex of the vegetal hemisphere, which ran perpendicular to the anima

178 el manner to restrict Xnr5 expression to the vegetal hemisphere.

179 va (JRE) showed higher percentage of 'grassy-vegetal' impact odorants, while 'spicy' compounds highli

180 dorsal-to-ventral progression from animal-to-vegetal in the marginal zone.

181 case of the equal-cleaving molluscs, animal-vegetal inductive interactions between the derivatives o

182 aying a role in the development of posterior/vegetal larval fates (i.e., endoderm) in C. lacteus.

183 rates the oral from aboral ectoderm; (3) the vegetal lateral CB, which bilaterally serves as signalin

184 Through the use of vegetal lectins, we managed to take advantage of the mar

185 t block this remodeling event also eliminate vegetal localization of the RNA, suggesting that RNP rem

186 mitted to endoderm through the action of the vegetal localized maternal transcription factor VegT.

187 Vegetal LvBrac expression depends on autonomous beta-cat

188 We further demonstrate that vegetal LvNotch signaling controls the localization of n

189 between the progeny of animal micromeres and vegetal macromeres are established during the interval b

190 ives of the first quartet micromeres and the vegetal macromeres specify which macromere becomes the 3

191 ters and BRS Violeta wines were described as vegetal mainly due to the higher concentration of terpen

192 axis, with the Xnr2-expressing cells in the vegetal marginal zone having no detectable activated MAP

193 in totipotent while surrounding cells in the vegetal mass become committed to endoderm through the ac

194 ause the release of a dorsal signal from the vegetal mass independent from the VegT pathway.

195 s signaling ligands that induce cells in the vegetal mass to form endoderm, and the marginal zone to

196 ntrolled, in turn, by Vg1 signaling from the vegetal mass.

197 en developed for multi-elemental analysis of vegetal materials.

198 In the current study, we determined that the vegetal maternal dorsal determinant in fish is not the W

199 ur-cell stage blastomeres that inherits some vegetal membrane marked in the previous cleavage cycle t

200 , Mkif5Ba promotes formation of the parallel vegetal microtubule array required to asymmetrically pos

201 We further find that vegetal microtubule polymerization and cortical rotation

202 d became localized to the nuclei of the four vegetal-most cells at the 64-cell stage, which give rise

203 rms that Notch functions sequentially in the vegetal-most secondary mesenchyme cells and later in the

204 ky ball the Balbiani body fails to form, and vegetal mRNAs are not localized in oocytes.

205 BRS Cora wines exhibited a vegetal note, possibly due to their higher concentration

206 C6 alcohols also influenced the vegetal notes of BRS Violeta wines from traditional and

207 lization and localization of beta-catenin to vegetal nuclei during cleavage stages.

208 whereas 1-octen-3-one and one unknown spicy-vegetal odorant were highly correlated to the maturation

209 rmulation are powdered milk, peanuts butter, vegetal oil, sugar, and a mix of vitamins, salts, and mi

210 uable extra-virgin olive oils from the other vegetal oils (canola, corn, grape seed, linseed, olive p

211 Animal-vegetal oocyte polarity is established by the Balbiani b

212 ssociated with mRNAs localized to either the vegetal or animal hemispheres, but was not found with co

213 lly serves as signaling centers; and (4) the vegetal oral CB, which delineates the boundary with the

214 lastomeres with the ability to function as a vegetal organizing center and to coordinate the developm

215 with the location of the centrosome meiotic-vegetal organizing center.

216 We have shown that an animal/vegetal pattern is apparent in the marginal zone by midg

217 ation during gastrulation and overall animal-vegetal patterning at earlier stages of anthozoan develo

218 OX3c-injected Xenopus embryos, normal animal-vegetal patterning of mesodermal and endodermal markers

219 xamined the possible dorsoventral and animal-vegetal patterning roles for Nodal signals by using muta

220 en a transplanted micromere is placed at the vegetal plate after removing all 4 host micromeres, the

221 elopment for the activation of endo16 in the vegetal plate and for the activation of spec2a in the ab

222 Brachyury expression in the vegetal plate is confined to the presumptive endodermal

223 eby for the conditional specification of the vegetal plate mesoderm.

224 h signaling as they sweep outward across the vegetal plate of the embryo.

225 vo transcripts, however, are enriched in the vegetal plate of the mesenchyme blastula stage and Sp-va

226 ing PMCs ingress into all 4 quadrants of the vegetal plate.

227 rect consequences of gross disruption of the vegetal plate.

228 tion of the central mesodermal domain of the vegetal plate; and they exclusively give rise to the ske

229 roperties of 1d all depend on inheritance of vegetal polar lobe cytoplasm by its mother cell D at sec

230 Establishment of this animal-vegetal polarity requires the Wnt pathway components Sil

231 minants (mRNAs) are first transported to the vegetal pole a few minutes after fertilization and then

232 thway, recruits endogenous kinesin II to the vegetal pole and colocalizes with it at the cortex.

233 nal blastomeres failed to migrate toward the vegetal pole and epiboly did not occur, a phenotype simi

234 were novel mRNAs over 4-fold enriched at the vegetal pole and six were over 10-fold enriched at the a

235 HNF3beta is widely expressed in the vegetal pole but, as previously suggested, is excluded f

236 region shift 90 degrees with respect to the vegetal pole during gastrulation.

237 n-independent proteasomal degradation in the vegetal pole interferes with germline development.

238 art of an ancestral GRN governing echinoderm vegetal pole mesoderm development.

239 subset of the GRN connections in the central vegetal pole mesoderm of the late sea star blastula and

240 pe is rescued by axin mRNA injected into the vegetal pole of axin-depleted oocytes before fertilizati

241 component of Xenopus germ plasm found in the vegetal pole of oocytes and eggs.

242 Cdx2 mRNA is localized toward the vegetal pole of oocytes, reorients after fertilization,

243 the ring of specified mesoderm cells at the vegetal pole of the blastula.

244 Its restriction to the vegetal pole of the egg made it the ideal candidate to b

245 vegetal half of the egg cortex, move to the vegetal pole of the egg, fusing with each other as they

246 duced or arrested cell migration towards the vegetal pole of the embryo.

247 enesis a maternal factor is localized to the vegetal pole of the oocyte that is a determinant of dors

248 Primary mesenchyme cells (PMCs) at the vegetal pole of the sea urchin embryo ingress into the f

249 Vg1 LE (VgLE) direct this transcript to the vegetal pole of Xenopus oocytes via the binding of a pro

250 e by the Na+/K+ pump was investigated in the vegetal pole of Xenopus oocytes.

251 is to comprehensively interrogate animal and vegetal pole RNAs in the fully grown Xenopus laevis oocy

252 propose potential pathways operating at the vegetal pole that highlight where future investigations

253 eterminants, which are translocated from the vegetal pole to the future dorsal side of the embryo sho

254 ent of maternal dorsal determinants from the vegetal pole to the future dorsal side of the embryo, pr

255 ic mesoderm are co-expressed in the sea star vegetal pole, although this territory does not form a la

256 s are selectively localized to the animal or vegetal pole, including determinants of somatic and germ

257 The Bb specifies the oocyte vegetal pole, which is key to forming the embryonic body

258 nimal pole is through its degradation at the vegetal pole.

259 h toward the animal pole and back toward the vegetal pole.

260 p1 is required for their localization to the vegetal pole.

261 while DV patterning aligns along the animal-vegetal pole.

262 validating the approach by recovering animal-vegetal-pole proteomic asymmetry in the frog zygote, the

263 a-catenin levels, to adopt the fate of their vegetal-pole sisters, which normally have high nuclear b

264 in beta-catenin half-life at the animal and vegetal poles of the early embryo is sufficient to produ

265 doderm formation more animally, while in the vegetal portion, LvNotch signaling also promotes the ect

266 distinct mechanisms within the animal versus vegetal portions of the embryo.

267 ow that Bmp signalling does occur within the vegetal prospective neural domain and that Bmp activity

268 find that Fgf activity is required to induce vegetal prospective neural markers and can do so without

269 Because meat is more resource intensive than vegetal protein sources, replacing it with efficient pla

270 etal region is the site of gastrulation; the vegetal region forms the ectoderm of the ventral and pos

271 lity to form apical lobe ectoderm, while the vegetal region has the ability to form a normal larva.

272 During embryogenesis, the vegetal region interacts with the animal region to suppr

273 todermal covering of the apical lobe and the vegetal region is the site of gastrulation; the vegetal

274 indicate that SOX7 mRNA is localized to the vegetal region of the blastula-stage embryo.

275 evidence that LvDsh is active locally in the vegetal region of the embryo but is inactive in animal b

276 that Dsh undergoes a local activation in the vegetal region of the embryo.

277 l blood islands and primitive blood from the vegetal region of the marginal zone in regularly cleavin

278 gest that endogenous maternal factors in the vegetal region repress the ability of blastomeres to for

279 o, and (2) a cell non-autonomous role in the vegetal region that regulates a signal(s) mediating ecto

280 e localized oocyte markers are expanded into vegetal regions in bucky ball mutants, but patterning wi

281 analyzed participation of kinesin motors in vegetal RNA transport and identified a direct role for X

282 Thus, vegetal RNA transport occurs through a multistep pathway

283 supporting roles for these kinesin motors in vegetal RNA transport.

284 idirectional transport that are required for vegetal RNA transport.

285 Here we show that a different vegetal RNA, VegT, employs the same signal and factor.

286 nct from, but occurs synchronously with, the vegetal rotation of the vegetal cell mass.

287 sumptive endoderm is internalised as part of vegetal rotation, a large-scale movement that encompasse

288 In vegetal rotation, the process occurs in a multilayered c

289 certified reference materials and three real vegetal samples were employed for the quantitative deter

290 Dense clusters of ER developed on the vegetal side (the side opposite the meiotic spindle) dur

291 l embryo this protein suppresses the primary vegetal signaling mechanism that is required for specifi

292 onversely, SpKrl mRNA injection rescues some vegetal structures in beta-catenin-deficient embryos.

293 e zygote, is concentrated in both animal and vegetal teloplasm during stage 1 and is at higher levels

294 is known to be required for specification of vegetal tissues, because transcripts are undetectable in

295 rly cleavage stages, eomes is expressed in a vegetal to animal gradient in the embryo, whereas Eomeso

296 ractile ring of actin and myosin immediately vegetal to the blastoderm margin via Ca(2+) reduction or

297 We show that in vegetal (trunk and tail) regions of the zebrafish gastru

298 wed by oak barrel aging were caramelized and vegetal-wood.

299 g of the grapes were floral, caramelized and vegetal-wood.

300 afish embryos by reducing varying amounts of vegetal yolk.