ライフサイエンスコーパス: vestigial

1 organelles previously thought by some to be vestigial.

2 marker for the time at which the VNO became vestigial.

3 ts transport functions are widely considered vestigial.

4 ons by selective expression of Scalloped and Vestigial.

5 the transcriptional regulators Scalloped and Vestigial.

6 female song system is functional rather than vestigial.

7 2) that is related to the Drosophila protein Vestigial.

8 POL include a manganese binding site in the vestigial 3' exonuclease subdomain and a non-catalytic w

9 e proximal leg region (pannier, araucan, and vestigial)(5)(,)(6) between Daphnia, Parhyale, and Tribo

10 al active site in the gammabeta-domain and a vestigial a-domain.

11 Although the vestigial active site does not participate in epoxide hy

12 Surprisingly, a vestigial active site is found in the N-terminal domain

13 We suggest that Vestigial affects the conformation of Scalloped to creat

14 cts in improving selectivity, which we term "vestigial aggregates."

15 hat this robust DNA helicase activity is not vestigial and may have specifically evolved in HCV.

16 We further show that Vestigial and Notch collaborate with Wingless to subdivi

17 ," but later is repressed by the activity of Vestigial and Nubbin, which together define a more dista

18 nes, and a high density and diverse range of vestigial and presumably inactive mobile elements.

19 These results suggest the presence of a vestigial and unstable P/C-type mechanism of inactivatio

20 pression of the wing margin patterning genes vestigial and wingless, and strong mitotic activity.

21 Vestigial and Wingless, on the contrary, display synergi

22 th other BMP-dependent promoters (Drosophila vestigial and Xenopus Xvent-2), our studies of the gata2

23 , ectopic Delta expression induces wingless, vestigial, and cut and causes adult wing tissue outgrowt

24 transcribe the genes spalt, optomotor blind, vestigial, and Dad, that are known to be induced by dpp

25 The proteins Scalloped and Vestigial are known from genetic studies to play a part

26 and wingless signalling pathways to activate vestigial at the dorsoventral boundary.

27 he mitochondria in HAP1-A12 cells assemble a vestigial ATP synthase, with intact F1-catalytic and per

28 Intermediate vestigial ATPase complexes formed by disruption of nucle

29 mnants of its sarcomere, but still retains a vestigial attachment to the ventral body wall.

30 ed electrical activity of muscles within the vestigial auriculomotor system.

31 These sperm centrioles appear as vestigial basal bodies, destroyed in the mid-to-lower co

32 mplex I's numerous iron-sulfur cofactors and vestigial binding sites for ferredoxin, nickel-iron, and

33 inated expression of the key regulatory gene vestigial both in the Dorsal-Ventral (D/V) boundary cell

34 ignaling and thus determines the fate of the vestigial buds and later tooth patterning.

35 ppresses survival of the diastema or incisor vestigial buds by serving as an inhibitor of Lrp5- and L

36 we share with other animals, are not merely vestigial but appear to function as 'shortcuts' that ens

37 The jaw of Pitx2 mutants was vestigial by midgestation, but significant size reductio

38 cates that unlike mutations in genes such as vestigial, calcineurin B2 does not cause a shift in cell

39 ctions between vgBE and the vgQE mediated by Vestigial can explain the interactions between the wing

40 ulted from epidemic expansion of imported or vestigial cases.

41 nductor, a loop-current pseudogap phase, and vestigial charge-4e and charge-6e superconductivity in s

42 However, a fraction containing vestigial chlorosomes, denoted "carotenosomes," was part

43 sertion' domain together adopt the fold of a vestigial class II terpenoid cyclase.

44 The same vestigial complex plus associated c-subunits was charact

45 n results in loss of expression of wingless, vestigial, cut, and E(spl)-m8 at the D/V boundary.

46 presence of an N-terminal alpha-helix of the vestigial DbH domain suggest that the subfamily of PH do

47 c structural contacts between the PH and the vestigial DbH domain.

48 d mutant clones, implies that scalloped- and vestigial-dependent cell adhesion contributes to separat

49 Tumours of the appendix - a vestigial digestive organ attached to the colon - are ra

50 s not participate in epoxide hydrolysis, the vestigial domain plays a critical structural role by sta

51 almost identical, whereas the structure of a vestigial editing 3'-5' exonuclease domain of Taq polyme

52 suggests that these class II enzymes possess vestigial editing functions.

53 Fab residues in both the polymerase and the vestigial editing nuclease domain of the enzyme reveal t

54 m, and lepidosaurian viviparity, in which a 'vestigial' egg is laid and hatches immediately(7).

55 These 'vestigial' enhancers are hypomethylated and lack active

56 osphopeptide encompassing Tyr-1227 using its vestigial enzymatic active site.

57 46B8 binds to a conserved epitope in the vestigial esterase domain of hemagglutinin (HA) and bloc

58 g/1/96 reveal a conserved epitope in the HA1 vestigial esterase subdomain that is some distance from

59 t conserved epitopes in the A(H5N1) HA stem, vestigial esterase subdomain, and receptor binding site.

60 First, in the hinge region vestigial exerts both a local inhibition and a long-rang

61 Second, clones of cells overexpressing vestigial exhibit altered cell affinities.

62 These and other observations imply that vestigial-expressing cells in the wing blade organize th

63 ions along with MAD as a direct activator of Vestigial expression in the wing pouch.

64 ight the importance of correct scalloped and vestigial expression levels to normal wing development.

65 distal wing tip due to induction of aberrant Vestigial expression, while a dominant-negative Drifter

66 roduct is also an input in the regulation of vestigial expression.

67 gnals activate separate enhancers to control vestigial expression: first, in the dorsal/ventral organ

68 The mutated genes involved in cavefish vestigial eye formation have not been characterized.

69 This study examines vestigial eye formation in the teleost Astyanax mexicanu

70 Gene silencing of eyes absent shows that the vestigial eyes are under the control of the retinal dete

71 tem may have contributed to the evolution of vestigial eyes in cavefish.

72 In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, a vestigial FA pathway is present, but ICLs are predominan

73 This trench may be a vestigial feature of a bifunctional ("PAPS synthetase")

74 1 had a unilateral fixed adducted eye and a vestigial fibrous medial rectus muscle seen in imaging a

75 tions of both functional and dysfunctional ("vestigial") gates within the CFTR permeation pathway.

76 In Drosophila, the vestigial gene is required for wing formation and is abl

77 The Drosophila vestigial gene is selectively required for wing-cell pro

78 Our experiments show that the vestigial gene product is also an input in the regulatio

79 The scalloped and vestigial genes are both required for the formation of t

80 The presence of the transposon remnants and vestigial genes suggests that the pathway for 2,4-DNT de

81 tremely diverse, with the composition of the vestigial genome determining their translational require

82 maintained, yielding previously unrecognized vestigial gill arch branchial rays.

83 Clones of cells overexpressing vestigial grow smaller or larger than control clones, de

84 al half-life, evidence suggests that it is a vestigial half-cystine.

85 We also show that TSA is part of a larger vestigial helicase domain which has lost its helicase ac

86 ph sac development has been described as the vestigial homologue of the nascent stage of ancestral an

87 sruption, and chemical probes to reveal that vestigial host enzymes in the cytoplasm of Plasmodium-in

88 onal structural data for this loop, which is vestigial in bacterial pentameric ligand-gated ion chann

89 kidney of lower vertebrates; although it is vestigial in higher vertebrates, it is a necessary precu

90 many vertebrate species but is likely to be vestigial in humans.

91 main no longer has enzymatic activity and is vestigial in nature.

92 Old World monkeys and apes, but then became vestigial in the common ancestor of Old World monkeys an

93 ter and is responsible for the expression of vestigial in the developing wing blade.

94 otifs are canonical in all invertebrates but vestigial in vertebrates.

95 hanges across the continent to where telB is vestigial in West Africa.

96 We report for the first time the presence of vestigial incisors in Bradypus.

97 tion of new functions and removal of adverse vestigial interactions.

98 Our findings do not support a vestigial interpretation of the song control network in

99 d our findings to human IP6K2, which retains vestigial IP3K activity.

100 xpression is reduced, the wing selector gene vestigial is ectopically activated.

101 Several vestigial IS elements appeared different from the IS dis

102 The wing-specific regulation of vestigial is mediated through two enhancers: (1) the Bou

103 This threadlike organelle, once considered vestigial, is now seen as a pivotal element for detectio

104 f actin or tubulin appeared at the region of vestigial kinocilia, suggesting impaired vesicular traff

105 forces and directional motion, although some vestigial lamellipodium-driven motility remained.

106 pair of vestigial median eyes and a pair of vestigial lateral eyes.

107 n wing development and ectopic expression of vestigial leads to the development of ectopic wings.

108 F showed Se concentrated inside small conic, vestigial leaves (cladode tips), the cladode vasculature

109 Vestigial levels of recombination remain even when both

110 Members of the mammalian Vestigial-like (VGLL) family of transcriptional cofactor

111 vertebrate and vertebrate vestigial (vg) and vestigial-like (VGLL) genes are involved in embryonic pa

112 de derived from co-transcriptional activator Vestigial-like 1 (VGLL1) as a putative TAA demonstrating

113 , such as fulvestrant, promote expression of vestigial-like 1 (VGLL1), a coactivator for TEF-1 and Ab

114 h a skeletal muscle-specific cofactor called Vestigial-like 2 (Vgl-2) that is related to the Drosophi

115 largely linked to the transcription cofactor vestigial-like 3 (vgll3).

116 Vestigial-like 4 (Vgll4) functions as a transcriptional

117 e characterize Vgl-4, the only member of the Vestigial-like family expressed in the heart.

118 Here, we demonstrate that the VGLL1 (vestigial-like family member 1), which is highly express

119 whole genome re-sequencing, we find that the vestigial-like family member 3 gene (VGLL3) exhibits sex

120 Here, we identify three mammalian vestigial-like genes, Vgl-1, Vgl-2, and Vgl-3, that shar

121 Among the YAP target genes, Vestigial-Like Protein 3 (VGLL3) competes with YAP/TAZ f

122 ion: GATA2, MBD6, and transcription cofactor vestigial-like protein 3 (VGLL3).

123 striking reduction of lung size to a single vestigial lobe.

124 way in the wing margin, including scalloped, vestigial, mastermind, Chip, and the Nipped locus.

125 ddy-longlegs Phalangium opilio show that the vestigial median and lateral eyes innervate regions of t

126 eyes, in fact additionally retain a pair of vestigial median eyes and a pair of vestigial lateral ey

127 making them competent to undergo subsequent vestigial-mediated proliferation within the wing pouch.

128 We have introduced mutations into the vestigial MIDAS motif and report that, unlike the I doma

129 signal loss was accompanied by a release of vestigial morphological variants, and these could facili

130 A1/lacZ fusion construct is expressed in the vestigial muscle cells of M. occulta larvae.

131 ability to express muscle actin mRNA in the vestigial muscle cells, suggesting that trans-acting fac

132 p into tailless larvae with undifferentiated vestigial muscle cells.

133 e from Haemophilus influenzae functions in a vestigial NAD(+) utilization pathway by dephosphorylatin

134 omers four or more units in length contained vestigial neutral (VN) absorption bands that arise from

135 ution structure of the CTD indicates it is a vestigial nuclease domain that likely evolved from conse

136 sion of scalloped, and ectopic expression of vestigial on the development of the Drosophila wing imag

137 nerally lack antennal lobes, the calyces are vestigial or absent.

138 le consequence of the upregulation of either vestigial or wingless.

139 Such "vestigial order," which is subject to unambiguous macros

140 i-component order parameter can give rise to vestigial order.

141 g is its dependence on the primary cilium, a vestigial organelle that is largely absent in flies.

142 Vestigial organs are defined as genetically determined s

143 Vestigial organs provide a link between ancient and mode

144 Adult female CPEB knockout mice contained vestigial ovaries that were devoid of oocytes; ovaries f

145 Our studies of vestigial-overexpressing clones also reveal two further

146 del for phenotypic variation where variable, vestigial paralog expression buffers development.

147 In the vestigial phase, the primary order is only partially mel

148 Nonetheless, the model exhibits a variety of vestigial phases, including charge-4e superconductivity

149 form of the ribonucleotide reductase family, vestigial pi-helices, and a novel function for pi-helice

150 Our species may nevertheless have retained a vestigial pinna-orienting system that has persisted as a

151 late and the insect wing.(5) Remarkably, the vestigial-positive tissue that gives rise to the Daphnia

152 the posterior ovary precursors form a small vestigial posterior arm, the post-vulval sac; in other s

153 Hmx1dm/dm mouse embryos possess only a vestigial posterior auricular nerve, and general somatos

154 of unsupervised adaptation may constitute a vestigial pre-attention system using the mere frequency

155 osite strands of the Drosophila melanogaster vestigial PRE/TRE throw the switch between these two opp

156 ly suggest that female tungara frogs exhibit vestigial preferences for ancestral calls, and provide a

157 opose that nonproline kinks are places where vestigial prolines were later removed during evolution.

158 The Drosophila Vestigial protein has been shown to play an essential ro

159 Two conserved domains of the Vestigial protein that are not required for Scalloped bi

160 wever, the molecular function of the nuclear Vestigial protein, which bears no informative similariti

161 target genes and forming a complex with the Vestigial protein.

162 In particular, Vestigial provides an important input for the regulation

163 MAD-dependent activation of the vestigial quadrant enhancer results in broad expression

164 d consistent with the predicted emergence of vestigial quantum order.

165 least one of the modifiers is linked to the vestigial region and demonstrate that the background eff

166 Genetic and molecular analyses reveal that Vestigial regulates wing identity by forming a complex w

167 Escherichia coli PabB, binds tryptophan in a vestigial regulatory site.

168 a structural scaffold for proteins, but the vestigial remnant of a primordial genome that may have e

169 Long ignored as a vestigial remnant of cytokinesis, the mammalian midbody

170 Here, we show that Vestigial requires the function of the Scalloped protein

171 at flatwing males show enhanced variation in vestigial resonator morphology under varied genetic back

172 elopment and patterning of the wing: loss of vestigial results in failures in wing development and ec

173 iation NTP, suggesting that the GTP mimics a vestigial RNA product.

174 ion and relaxation in hearts of animals with vestigial sarcoplasmic Ca(2+) release stores.

175 ed for the formation of the heterotetrameric Vestigial-Scalloped complex on DNA.

176 leads to the inappropriate formation of the Vestigial-Scalloped complex, which forces the eye to tra

177 determined by Drosophila TCF (dTCF) and the Vestigial/Scalloped selector system and that temporal co

178 legic-activated genes such as spalt-related, vestigial, Serum Response Factor, and achaete-scute, who

179 aser Doppler vibrometry, we found that these vestigial sound-producing wing features resonate at high

180 ants have consequently lost, or retain only vestigial spermathecal structures.

181 Vestigial states due to primary spin and charge-density-

182 Vestigial structures are key indicators of evolutionary

183 but they subsequently degenerate and become vestigial structures embedded in the head.

184 istent with this, we show that Scalloped and Vestigial suppress terminal dendritic branching.

185 del that mimics the real case of the pennant/vestigial system describing plasticity of wing length to

186 The possible presence of vestigial t-tubules and larger Ca(2+) content of central

187 Mice homozygous for the recessive mutation vestigial tail (vt), which arose spontaneously on Chromo

188 f dental mineralization, and the presence of vestigial teeth, to distinguish between caniniforms and

189 through the repeated co-option of genes like vestigial that also pattern insect wings.(2-4) To determ

190 tion must be a general feature of genes like vestigial, that regulate growth or patterning along more

191 The vestigial thymus in infants with severe combined immunod

192 e 1 thymocytes, resulting in a hypocellular, vestigial thymus.

193 primates, an order which shows a range from vestigial to demonstrably functional vomeronasal organs.

194 omolog Scalloped interacts with the cofactor Vestigial to drive differentiation of the wing and indir

195 We show that binding of Vestigial to Scalloped switches the DNA-binding selectiv

196 levated Wnt signaling and, as a consequence, vestigial tooth buds in the normally toothless diastema

197 arises through proliferation and survival of vestigial tooth germs and that Gas1 function in cranial

198 We also show the presence of a vestigial tooth in front of the lower caniniform in both

199 ether the anti-inflammatory fate is merely a vestigial trait, or whether it serves to preserve the in

200 d this idea by testing key predictions about vestigial traits arising from sexual trait reversal in w

201 tionary reversals might release variation in vestigial traits, which then facilitates subsequent dive

202 we show that EGFR signaling is essential for vestigial transcription in these cells and for making th

203 me efficacy as Hsc70 and that DnaK possesses vestigial uncoating activity.

204 In addition, they show a vestigial vacuole morphology and a sensitivity to growth

205 These features are reminiscent of a vestigial variant surface glycoprotein (VSG) gene expres

206 ls to activate expression of the wing marker Vestigial (Vg) and transdetermine to wing cells.

207 Invertebrate and vertebrate vestigial (vg) and vestigial-like (VGLL) genes are invol

208 The vestigial (vg) gene is necessary for the development of

209 The vestigial (vg) gene of Drosophila plays a central role i

210 s defined by expression of the selector gene vestigial (vg) in a discrete subpopulation of cells with

211 ently been shown to activate targets such as vestigial (vg) indirectly through negative regulation of

212 anscription from the Drosophila melanogaster vestigial (vg) PRE/TRE switches the status of the elemen

213 ectopic activation of the wing selector gene vestigial (vg) which in turn interacts with its DNA-bind

214 h this conundrum, we focused our analysis on vestigial (vg), a critical wing gene initially identifie

215 In the wing blade, wg activates the gene vestigial (vg), which is required for the wing blade to

216 In contrast, lgl(-) clones in the Vestigial (Vg)-expressing distal wing epithelium were el

217 capacity of Wg to fuel the autoregulation of vestigial (vg)-the selector gene that specifies the wing

218 s specified by activity of the selector gene vestigial (vg).

219 levels of Dpp, hth repression also requires Vestigial (Vg).

220 umans and some related primates possess only vestigial VNOs and have no or significantly reduced abil

221 Among the known Dpp targets, vestigial was the only one tested that was required for

222 Phospho-Mad and the downstream target gene vestigial were elevated in l(2)gl tumors, thus linking D

223 for the activation of an enhancer within the vestigial wing-patterning gene in cells across the entir

224 utants display aberrant expression of DELTA, VESTIGIAL, WINGLESS, and CUT.

225 The vestigial wings of emus are a striking illustration of m