ライフサイエンスコーパス: visual pigment

1 sphodiesterase and perhaps also of activated visual pigment.

2 ivity and its efficiency in inactivating the visual pigment.

3 placed with 11-cis retinal to regenerate the visual pigment.

4 inal in the cone inner segment to regenerate visual pigment.

5 be used for tracking spectral shifts in any visual pigment.

6 nd accessory member of which contain the LWS visual pigment.

7 does not limit the regeneration of bleached visual pigment.

8 the chromophore for the regeneration of the visual pigment.

9 pigments, rods, rod opsin expression, or rod visual pigment.

10 form a normal complement of light-sensitive visual pigment.

11 he Schiff base chromophore and produce an UV visual pigment.

12 cells arises from thermal activation of the visual pigment.

13 or degeneration, or impaired regeneration of visual pigment.

14 n combines with another 11cRAL to form a new visual pigment.

15 ovide to cones for the regeneration of their visual pigment.

16 is impossible because they all use the same visual pigment.

17 1 (Rh1) may serve as the counterion of this visual pigment.

18 ects the spontaneous decay of photoactivated visual pigment.

19 ease in the rate of decay of light-activated visual pigment.

20 sensitive pigments in addition to the main L visual pigment.

21 f the six UV receptor types contain the same visual pigment.

22 s340-linked frame as proposed by Warshel for visual pigments.

23 light occurs by two-photon isomerization of visual pigments.

24 al tuning of monkey red- and green-sensitive visual pigments.

25 roducing the shortest and longest wavelength visual pigments.

26 omophore and how they affect the function of visual pigments.

27 the retinal in the red- and green-sensitive visual pigments.

28 Vision begins with photoisomerization of visual pigments.

29 -retinal as the light-sensing chromophore in visual pigments.

30 study pathogenic rhodopsin mutants and other visual pigments.

31 wavelength-sensitive, and three UV-sensitive visual pigments.

32 o produce 11-cis-retinal, the chromophore of visual pigments.

33 el chromophore studies, the vast majority of visual pigments.

34 ling a novel mechanism of spectral tuning of visual pigments.

35 T-PCR was used to investigate mRNAs encoding visual pigments.

36 s that regulate the expression of particular visual pigments.

37 in the photoactivation of both rod and cone visual pigments.

38 e consistent with the observed repertoire of visual pigments.

39 anism of its ultrafast photoisomerization in visual pigments.

40 oplasmic protein, analogous to higher animal visual pigments.

41 identified as wavelength regulating sites in visual pigments.

42 ferences between invertebrate and vertebrate visual pigments.

43 ecessary for the formation of photosensitive visual pigments.

44 that have modified the absorption spectra of visual pigments.

45 -cis-retinol during regeneration of the cone visual pigments.

46 ecycling of visual chromophore for the opsin visual pigments.

47 itive chromophore of both rod and cone opsin visual pigments.

48 omparison of signals in cones with different visual pigments.

49 odopsin, which evolved from less stable cone visual pigments.

50 e opsin gene family encoding light-absorbing visual pigments.

51 ckly evaluate the thermal activation rate of visual pigments.

52 , this set of receptors is based on only two visual pigments.

53 tum efficiencies comparable to those seen in visual pigments.

54 nd behaviour, but unusual specialisations of visual pigments [1], mitochondrial tRNAs [2], and postcr

55 he efficient recycling of the chromophore of visual pigments, 11-cis-retinal, through the retinoid vi

56 For visual pigments, a covalent bond between the ligand (11-

57 tinal sensitivity is enhanced by red-shifted visual pigments, a longwave reflecting tapetum and, uniq

58 fected both single-cone opsin expression and visual pigment absorbance in the rainbow trout alevin bu

59 orbance in the rainbow trout alevin but only visual pigment absorbance in the smolt and in zebrafish.

60 not induce any opsin switches or change the visual pigment absorbance of photoreceptors.

61 ing previously published wavelengths of peak visual pigment absorbance, we compared how four alternat

62 ecular mechanisms that regulate invertebrate visual pigment absorption are poorly understood.

63 vation to the counterion switch mechanism of visual pigment activation.

64 consistent with a faster regeneration of the visual pigment after bleaching.

65 pand rhodopsin's role in vision from being a visual pigment and major outer segment building block to

66 is vital for maintaining both the amount of visual pigment and photoreceptor health in light-exposed

67 d to carry almost 27 kcal/mol energy in both visual pigments and absorb (lambda(max)) at 528 nm in bo

68 he melanopsins are only distantly related to visual pigments and in terms of their biochemistry share

69 etes, which leads to deficient generation of visual pigments and neural retinal dysfunction in early

70 scribe the localization of cone types, their visual pigments and opsin expression.

71 rion akindynos possesses spectrally distinct visual pigments and opsins: one rod opsin, RH1 (498 nm),

72 d real-time PCR to analyze the expression of visual pigments and other photoreceptor-specific genes d

73 ce 11-cis-retinal for continued formation of visual pigments and sustained vision.

74 Using two UV-sensitive visual pigments and the UV-filtering properties of four

75 uced charge displacements in plasma membrane visual pigment, and used it to measure pigment bleaching

76 Biochemical experiments with rhodopsin, cone visual pigments, and a chromophore model compound 11-cis

77 in, the protein component of light sensitive visual pigments, and other phototransduction cascade sig

78 11-cis-Retinal is bound to opsins, forming visual pigments, and when the resulting visual chromopho

79 prior to the chromophore rejoining with the visual pigment apo-proteins.

80 f visual chromophore and regeneration of the visual pigment are critical for the continuous function

81 Visual pigments are G-protein-coupled receptors that pro

82 f not only genetic control systems, but also visual pigments are near 70%.

83 Vertebrate and invertebrate visual pigments are similar in amino acid sequence, stru

84 Visual pigments are the only essential membrane proteins

85 f the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), cone visual pigments are thought to regenerate in part throug

86 n retinal release rates between rod and cone visual pigments arise, not from inherent differences in

87 tion as the counterion in other invertebrate visual pigments as well.

88 n by microspectrophotometry to have two cone visual pigments at 530 and 400 nm.

89 mino acids near the Schiff base in different visual pigments: at site 292 (A292S, A292Y, and A292T) i

90 that a substantial fraction of nonactivated visual pigments becomes phosphorylated through this mech

91 covery of a-wave response following moderate visual pigment bleach is delayed in KI/KI mice.

92 all-trans retinol is formed after visual pigment bleaching through the reduction of all-tr

93 relocate the highly conserved Lys296 in the visual pigment bovine rhodopsin.

94 press a vertebrate rhodopsin as a functional visual pigment, but the expression does not activate the

95 11 has a measurable role in regenerating the visual pigment by complementing RDH5 as an 11-cis-RDH in

96 Activation of the visual pigment by light in rod and cone photoreceptors i

97 assessed key residues in rhodopsin and cone visual pigments by mutation analysis and identified two

98 l visual cycle and that regeneration of cone visual pigment can be driven by light.

99 Cone short-wave (SWS1) visual pigments can be divided into two categories that

100 basis of the spectral tuning of contemporary visual pigments can be illuminated only by mutagenesis a

101 Visual pigments can be thermally activated via isomeriza

102 The photosensitive molecules, visual pigments, can be synthesized in vitro and their a

103 eye possesses a mechanism to regenerate the visual pigment chromophore 11-cis retinal in the dark en

104 mice (Rpe65-/-) are unable to synthesize the visual pigment chromophore 11-cis retinal; however, if t

105 type 1 diabetic model, were treated with the visual pigment chromophore, 9-cis-retinal.

106 Production of 11-cis-retinal, the visual pigment chromophore, was suppressed with a potent

107 As a result, the signaling properties of visual pigments, consisting of a protein, opsin, and a c

108 Visual pigment consists of opsin covalently linked to th

109 The chromophore of all known visual pigments consists of 11-cis-retinal (derived from

110 Naturally occurring visual pigments contain only PSB11 and 3,4-dehydro-PSB11

111 For example, rod and cone visual pigments couple to distinct variants of the heter

112 Enhancing visual pigment deactivation does not appear to protect a

113 er segments, mislocalization and decrease in visual pigments, decreased expression of retinoic acid-r

114 These findings demonstrate that visual pigment dephosphorylation regulates the dark adap

115 f lauryl maltoside suspensions of artificial visual pigments derived from 9-cis isomers of 5-ethylret

116 Our work provides convincing evidence for visual pigment dimerization in vivo under physiological

117 s down to >1000 m, and both the rod and cone visual pigments display short wave shifts as depth incre

118 tebrate vision is mediated by five groups of visual pigments, each absorbing a specific wavelength of

119 akes are polymorphic for shortwave sensitive visual pigment encoded by alleles of SWS1.

120 n, whereas activin, BMP2, and BMP4 inhibited visual pigment expression and outer segment formation, a

121 Efficient regeneration of visual pigment following its destruction by light is cri

122 Rapid regeneration of the visual pigment following its photoactivation is critical

123 The visual pigment for this photoreceptor may be melanopsin,

124 d that 9-cis-retinal administration restored visual pigment formation and decreased oxidative stress

125 Mutations in rhodopsin, the visual pigment found in rod cells, account for a large f

126 ngth sensitive 2 (SWS2) family of vertebrate visual pigments from the retina of the Japanese common n

127 primates, trichromacy was made possible by a visual pigment gene duplication.

128 anism for the evolution of trichromacy after visual pigment gene duplication.

129 a photon of light captured by a molecule of visual pigment generates an electrical response in a pho

130 e present partial cDNA sequences of ostracod visual pigment genes (opsins).

131 Rod visual pigment genes have been studied in a wide range o

132 lectively induced or down-regulated specific visual pigment genes, but many cognate rod- or cone-spec

133 onfirms the absence of other classes of cone visual pigment genes.

134 mouse ultraviolet (UV) and bovine blue cone visual pigments have absorption maxima of 358 and 438 nm

135 ese sharks revealed the presence of a single visual pigment in each species.

136 g the day when a substantial fraction of the visual pigment in our photoreceptor cells is bleached.

137 A corresponding reduction of visual pigment in the shortened outer segments may lead

138 ters but lack 11-cis-retinoids and rhodopsin visual pigment in their retinas.

139 The spectral absorbance of the visual pigment in these eyes shifts towards longer wavel

140 unique opportunity to study the evolution of visual pigments in a group of closely related species ex

141 sight into molecular evolution of vertebrate visual pigments in achieving low discrete dark noise and

142 dium (M, green) and long (L, red) wavelength visual pigments in all fish species examined.

143 cling of 11-cis retinal, the chromophore for visual pigments in both rod and cone photoreceptors.

144 istent with the faster regeneration rates of visual pigments in cone-dominant retinas.

145 All known visual pigments in Neuralia (Cnidaria, Ctenophora, and B

146 fish, and killifish and on the absorbance of visual pigments in rainbow trout and zebrafish.

147 molecular switch for activating cone and rod visual pigments in response to light stimulation, but al

148 naling pathway that links photoactivation of visual pigments in retinal photoreceptor cells to a chan

149 generates 11-cis-retinal, the chromophore of visual pigments in rod and cone photoreceptor cells need

150 Vision relies on photoactivation of visual pigments in rod and cone photoreceptor cells of t

151 al to 11-cis-retinal for the regeneration of visual pigments in rod and cone photoreceptor cells.

152 d vision requires continuous regeneration of visual pigments in rod and cone photoreceptors by the 11

153 es vision by directly activating opsin-based visual pigments in rod and cone photoreceptors.

154 Microspectrophotometry revealed five visual pigments in the retina of the common sole [S(472)

155 ential for the generation of light-sensitive visual pigments in the vertebrate retina.

156 l-phospholipids.It is currently thought that visual pigments in vertebrate photoreceptors are regener

157 ester to 11-cis retinal, the chromophore for visual pigments in vertebrates.

158 ance, the roles of photosensitive molecules, visual pigments, in arrhythmic vision are not well under

159 Absorption of light by visual pigments initiates the phototransduction pathway

160 such as Drosophila or Limulus assemble their visual pigment into the specialized rhabdomeric membrane

161 ng the shift of the absorption maxima when a visual pigment is converted to its lumirhodopsin photoin

162 As visual pigment is destroyed, or bleached, by light, cone

163 that the regeneration of 11-cis-retinal and visual pigment is impaired in a type 1 diabetes animal m

164 Notably, the spectral range of the Rh6 visual pigment is substantially broadened and its peak s

165 The chromophore of visual pigments is 11-cis-retinal and, thus, in its abse

166 onstrate that the primary counterion of cone visual pigments is necessary for efficient Schiff base h

167 the enzymatic pathway regenerating bleached visual pigments is present in vertebrate but not inverte

168 The light absorbing chromophore in opsin visual pigments is the protonated Schiff base of 11-cis-

169 upted and 11-cis-retinal, the chromophore of visual pigments, is not produced.

170 ation of 11-cis-retinal, the chromophore for visual pigments, is required for cones to continuously f

171 mount of 9-cis retinal and its corresponding visual pigment isorhodopsin.

172 By mapping visual pigment kinetics across the central retina, high

173 lian rods and cones, light activation of the visual pigments leads to release of the chromophore, whi

174 retinal, a functional iso-chromophore of the visual pigments, led to alleviation of S-opsin mislocali

175 Visual-pigment levels increased to approximately 10 pmol

176 o changes in light intensity and color using visual pigment-like sensory rhodopsins (SRs).

177 mistry, arrestin binding and turnover of the visual pigments located in the various photoreceptor typ

178 Most deep-sea fish have a single visual pigment maximally sensitive at short wavelengths,

179 nctional diversification of the UV-sensitive visual pigments may help explain why the yellow wing pig

180 Melanopsin, an atypical vertebrate visual pigment, mediates non-image-forming light respons

181 Rhodopsin (RH1), the temperature-sensitive visual pigment mediating dim-light vision, offers an opp

182 Rhodopsin, the visual pigment mediating vision under dim light, is comp

183 The visual pigment melanopsin is expressed in intrinsically

184 In mouse, this intrinsic PLR requires the visual pigment melanopsin; it also requires PLCbeta4, a

185 Light distributes the visual pigment, melanopsin, across three states, two sil

186 hotopigment bleaching, were used to quantify visual pigment metrics.

187 (connecting cilia) with outer segments, and visual pigments mistrafficked.

188 The signaling properties of the visual pigments modulate many aspects of the function of

189 ts (COSs), the labeled components--primarily visual pigment molecules (opsins)--are diffusely distrib

190 wed with the ability to detect light through visual pigments must have evolved pathways in which diet

191 on than the mouse short wavelength sensitive visual pigment (MUV) and photobleaching properties that

192 rmal reactions of the mouse short-wavelength visual pigment (MUV) were studied by using cryogenic UV-

193 s and functional investigation of vertebrate visual pigments, numerous amino acid substitutions impor

194 this shift for the long-wavelength sensitive visual pigment of chicken iodopsin (lambdamax = 571 nm),

195 Hence, melanopsin is most likely the visual pigment of phototransducing RGCs that set the cir

196 lar co-expression of rhabdomeric opsin and a visual pigment of the recently described xenopsins in la

197 e photoexcited state of rhodopsin (Rh*), the visual pigment of vertebrate rods.

198 retinylidene chromophore associated with the visual pigments of rod and cone photoreceptors.

199 retinylidene chromophore associated with the visual pigments of rod and cone photoreceptors.

200 accounts for a 10-17-nm absorption shift in visual pigments of this class.

201 der blue cones and green rods share the same visual pigment, only blue cones but not green rods are a

202 Their visual pigments (opsins) are activated by light, transdu

203 onstrate the ability of the technique to map visual pigment optical density and synthesis rates in ey

204 at short wavelengths was masked by the main visual pigment or because the expression level of a comp

205 history, and there is a direct link between visual pigment phenotypes and opsin genotypes.

206 tudy we evaluated two biochemical processes, visual pigment phosphorylation and transducin translocat

207 Although visual pigments play key structural and functional roles

208 We conclude that the MUV-visual pigment possesses an unprotonated retinylidene Sc

209 Bleached visual pigment produced an acceleration of the rod photo

210 er flash bleaching a large proportion of the visual pigment produced an ERC, which at 37 degrees C co

211 he promoter and the LCR, the identity of the visual pigment promoter, and LCR copy number.

212 e types is controlled by competition between visual pigment promoters for pairing with the LCR, and t

213 nd comparison of vertebrate and invertebrate visual pigment properties in a common cell type.

214 that RA has no effect on opsin expression or visual pigment properties in the differentiated retina o

215 However, OS formation and targeting of the visual pigment protein is severely disrupted.

216 The visual pigment protein of vertebrate rod photoreceptors,

217 Both classes use some form of the visual pigment protein opsin, which together with 11-cis

218 ion relies on the differential expression of visual pigment proteins (opsins) in cone photoreceptors

219 n rate of transducin (Tr) by light-activated visual pigment (R*) is 5-fold lower in carp cones than i

220 is critical for several processes, including visual pigment regeneration and retinal attachment to th

221 cking opsin, suggesting a connection between visual pigment regeneration and the retinoid cycle.

222 ion in Muller cells is not required for cone visual pigment regeneration in the mouse.

223 membranes in excess of what is required for visual pigment regeneration is not known.

224 ne-specific retinoid cycle required for cone visual pigment regeneration with the use of 11-cis-retin

225 step in a metabolic cycle that culminates in visual pigment regeneration.

226 there was no major impairment of the rate of visual pigment regeneration.

227 wever, one difference is that, whereas a rod visual pigment remains stable in darkness, a cone pigmen

228 e results indicate that light contributes to visual-pigment renewal in mammalian rods and cones throu

229 A metabolism during the regeneration of the visual pigments required for the detection of light.

230 oise and spectral shifting in Baikal cottoid visual pigments resulting in adaptations that enable vis

231 ted mutations that lead to misfolding of the visual pigment rhodopsin (Rho) are a prominent cause of

232 nent of these rod discs, the light-sensitive visual pigment rhodopsin (Rho), consists of an opsin pro

233 nd G protein function comes from work on the visual pigment rhodopsin and its G protein transducin, w

234 uter rod segments are highly enriched in the visual pigment rhodopsin and the omega-3 fatty acid doco

235 receptors are represented by the vertebrate visual pigment rhodopsin and the yeast alpha-factor pher

236 The remarkable reactivity of RPSB in the visual pigment rhodopsin has been attributed to potentia

237 between transmembrane helices stabilize the visual pigment rhodopsin in an inactive conformation in

238 Activation of the visual pigment rhodopsin is caused by 11-cis to -trans i

239 ion of the 11-cis retinal chromophore in the visual pigment rhodopsin is coupled to motion of transme

240 The visual pigment rhodopsin is found predominantly in membr

241 to retinal chromophore isomerization in the visual pigment rhodopsin is studied using picosecond tim

242 The visual pigment rhodopsin is unique among the G protein-c

243 Visual pigment rhodopsin provides a decisive crossing po

244 It is a deeply engrained notion that the visual pigment rhodopsin signals light as a monomer, eve

245 ion of the 11-cis-retinal chromophore in the visual pigment rhodopsin triggers displacement of the se

246 the 11-cis retinyl chromophore in vertebrate visual pigment rhodopsin, a process that produces noise

247 yo-electron tomography has revealed that the visual pigment rhodopsin, a prototypical class A G prote

248 of reactions that regenerate the vertebrate visual pigment rhodopsin, is the reduction of all-trans

249 disc membranes that are densely packed with visual pigment rhodopsin.

250 to all-trans isomerization of retinal in the visual pigment rhodopsin.

251 G protein, transducin, mediates between the visual pigment, rhodopsin, and the effector enzyme, cGMP

252 r segments results in the destruction of the visual pigment, rhodopsin, as its retinyl moiety is phot

253 ansduction is the phosphorylation of the rod visual pigment, rhodopsin, catalyzed by G-protein-depend

254 Here, we investigated whether the visual pigment, rhodopsin, is critical for delivering ot

255 by the extremely stable character of the rod visual pigment, rhodopsin, which evolved from less stabl

256 chromophore as the mammalian photoreceptor's visual pigment-rhodopsin.

257 Its eye is known to contain three visual pigments, rhodopsins, produced by an 11-cis-3-hyd

258 h rapid sectorial cone degeneration, and the visual pigments, S-opsin and M/L-opsin, fail to traffic

259 Both species have three types of visual pigment sensitive to short (SWS; wavelength of ma

260 n possess image-forming compound eyes with a visual pigment sensitive to the blue light of mesopelagi

261 Microspectrophotometry of LWS cone and rod visual pigments shows peak spectral sensitivities at 544

262 In the absence of a red-sensitive visual pigment, some deep-sea fish use a chlorophyll der

263 Surveys of spectral sensitivities, visual pigment spectra, and opsin gene sequences have in

264 vely selected sites correspond to vertebrate visual pigment spectral tuning residues.

265 ouse eventually regenerated normal levels of visual pigments, suggesting that RDHs compensate for eac

266 Rod and cone visual pigment synthesis rates in those with AMD (v = 0.

267 de is regulated by quickly switching off the visual pigment that acts as the receptor for light.

268 isms for handling retinoids and regenerating visual pigment that are specific to photoreceptor type.

269 receptors of transgenic Drosophila yielded a visual pigment that bound retinal, had normal spectral p

270 in vertebrates is mediated by UV and violet visual pigments that absorb light maximally (lambdamax)

271 F45L, V209M and F220C-yield fully functional visual pigments that bind the 11-cis retinal chromophore

272 tion in long wavelength-absorbing Drosophila visual pigments that occurs at a site corresponding to A

273 The visual pigments that underlie the photosensitivity of th

274 activation kinetic constant (k) of different visual pigments (the Barlow correlation) indicates that

275 INTS: Following substantial bleaching of the visual pigment, the desensitization of the rod photovolt

276 gest that in short-wavelength sensitive cone visual pigments, the counterion is necessary for the cha

277 vertebrate (bovine) and invertebrate (squid) visual pigments, the mechanism of molecular rearrangemen

278 but requisite step in the restoration of the visual pigment to its ground state.

279 e to all-trans-retinal and conversion of the visual pigment to the signaling form.

280 e 11-cis-retinal chromophore of rod and cone visual pigments to an all-trans-configuration is the ini

281 Transducins couple visual pigments to cGMP hydrolysis, the only recognized

282 ucture largely determines the sensitivity of visual pigments to different wavelengths of light.

283 The results demonstrate that visual pigments transport to the retinal outer segment d

284 the retinal chromophore in both rod and cone visual pigments undergoes reversible Schiff base hydroly

285 t light also drives regeneration of the cone visual pigments via an elegant biochemical mechanism in

286 Visual pigment (VP) expression in the chick embryo retin

287 etina, and a corresponding middle-wavelength visual pigment was observed.

288 te (bovine, monkey) and invertebrate (squid) visual pigments was carried out using a hybrid quantum m

289 Despite their importance to the synthesis of visual pigment, we show that these genes are not active

290 sequences and absorption spectra of various visual pigments, we can identify amino acid changes that

291 evels of 11-cis-retinal, the chromophore for visual pigments, were significantly lower in diabetic re

292 went rapid adaptive diversification of their visual pigments when compared with their terrestrial and

293 efore and after bleaching most of the native visual pigment, which mainly has the 11-cis-3,4-dehydror

294 UV vision is mediated by UV-sensitive visual pigments, which have the wavelengths of maximal a

295 ration of 11-cis retinal, the chromophore of visual pigments, which represents a unique mechanism by

296 ound the chromophore and formed a bleachable visual pigment with lambda(max) of 492 nm that supported

297 avelength of the absorption maximum of their visual pigments with increasing habitat depth.

298 at have been observed recently in artificial visual pigments with synthetic retinylidene chromophores

299 sess a corresponding number of photoreceptor visual pigments, with peak absorbance ranging from 369 t

300 hromophore dissociates from cone but not rod visual pigment, yielding apo-opsin.